Употребление артикля с именами собственными

Согласно общему правилу, собственные имена существительные употребляются без артикля. В приведенных ниже случаях перед именами собственными используется определенный артикль.

1 Перед фамилиями (в форме множественного числа), обозначающи- ми всю семью в целом. Например: The Browns − Брауны.

2 Перед географическими названиями, имеющими следующую структуру: the + существительное нарицательное + the + существительное собственное. Например: the Cape of Good Hope, the city of Moscow, the

Tower of London, the north of Spain.

3 Перед названиями океанов, морей, рек, озер, проливов, каналов, заливов. Например: The Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the Themes, the Ontario (но: Lake Ontario), the English Channel, the Suez Canal, the Gulf of Mexico.

4 Перед географическими названиями в форме множественного числа

(страны, горные цепи, группы островов). Например: the Philippines, the

Netherlands, the Bahamas, the British Isles, the Alps, the Ural Mountains. Нов единственном числе артикль с такими названиями не используется. Например: Russia, (Mount) Everest, Great Britain, Sicily.

5 Перед названиями стран, если в них помимо имени собственного есть также имя нарицательное. Например: the United States of America, the German Federal Republic, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great

Britain and Northern Ireland.

6 Перед названиями сторон света: the South, the North, the East, the

West.

7 Перед названиями некоторых регионов. Например: the Middle East, the Far East, the Crimea. Однако перед названиями графств и штатов артикль не ставится. Например: Yorkshire, Texas.

8 Перед названиями пустынь. Например: the Sahara (Desert), the Gobi

(Desert).

9 Перед названиями гостиниц, ресторанов, театров, кинотеатров, музеев, клубов, судов, поездов, газет, банков. Например: the Hilton (Hotel), the Bombay Restaurant, the National Theatre, the British Museum, the Titanic, the Orient Express, the Times, the Bank of England.

Впрочем, следует иметь в виду, что в тех случаях, когда в таких названиях первый элемент – имя или фамилия владельца или основателя с-sили -`sна конце, артикль не употребляется. Например: Harrods, Macdonalds, Luigi`s Italian Resaturant, Claridge`s (Hotel), Lloyds Bank.

Определенный артикль не употребляется в приведенных ниже случаях.

1 Перед названиями городов артикль не используется. Например: Washington, Glasgow, Paris. Исключением является голландский город Гаага: the Hague.

2 Перед названиями континентов артикль не используется. Например: Africa, Asia, Europe, South America.

3 Перед названиями улиц, парков, станций и аэропортов, университе- тов, исторических зданий, поскольку в таких названиях первым элементом выступает имя лица или название местности. Например: Fleet Street, Hyde

Park, Heathrow, Victoria Station, Cambridge University, Buckingham Palace, Westminster Abbey.

 

 

Упр. 8. Вставьте определенный или неопределенный артикль, где необхо- димо:

1. This morning I bought … newspaper and … magazine. … newspaper is in

my bag but I don't know where I put … magazine.

2. I saw … accident this morning . … car crashed into … tree. … driver of … car wasn't hurt but … car was badly damaged.

3. This house is very nice. Has it got … garden?

4. I like living in this house but it's a pity that … garden is so small.

5. Can you recommend … good restaurant?

6. We had dinner in … very nice restaurant.

7. We had dinner in … most expensive restaurant in town.

8. There isn't … airport near where I live … nearest airport is 70 miles away. 9. − Are you going away next week? − No, … week after next.

10. I'm going away for … week in … September.

11. George has a part-time job. He works three mornings …

week.

12. Could you close … door, please?

13. I've got … problem. Can you help me?

14. My sister has just got … job in … bank in … Manchester.

15. There's … small supermarket at … end of … street I live in.

 

 

Упр. 9. Вставьте определенный или неопределенный артикль, где необходимо.

1. − Where did you have … lunch? − We went to … restaurant.

2. − Did you have … nice holiday? − Yes, it was … best holiday I've ever had. 3. − Can you tell me where … Room 25 is, please? − It's on … second floor.

4. − We spent all our money because we stayed at … most expensive hotel in town. − Why didn't you stay at … cheaper hotel?

5. You'll find … information you need at … top of … page 17.

6. (airport announcement) − Flight BA123 to … Vienna is now boarding at … Gate 21.

7. I don't usually have … lunch but I always eat … good breakfast.

8. If you live in … foreign country, you should try and learn … language.

9. … computer has changed the way we live.

10. There was no wind, so … sea was very calm.

11. … Peru is … country in … South America. … capital is … Lima.

12. Jill plays … violin in an orchestra.

13. There was … piano in the corner of the room.

14. Our society is based on … family.

15. Martin comes from … large family.

16. When was … paper first made?

17. … young have the future in their hands.

18. … examination paper wasn't too difficult but I couldn't answer … question 8.

 

Упр. 10. Вставьте определенный или неопределенный артикль, где необходимо.

1. Every term parents are invited to … school to meet the teacher.

2. − How do your children get home from… school? By bus? − No, they walk … school isn't very far.

3. When he was younger, Ted hated … school.

4. Nora works as a cleaner at … hospital.

5. When Ann was ill, we all went to … hospital to visit her.

6. Peter was injured in an accident and was kept in … hospital for a few

days.

7. John's mother is a regular churchgoer. She goes to … church every

Sunday.

8. John went to … church to take some photographs of the building.

9. In many places people are in … prison because of their political opinions.

10. The other day the fire brigade were called to … prison to put out a fire.

11. Shall we meet after … work tomorrow evening?

12. If I'm feeling tired, I go to … home early.

13. I like to read in … bed before I go to sleep.

14. It was a long voyage. We were at … sea for four weeks.

15. There's a nice view from the window. You can see … sea.

Упр. 11. Выберите правильный вариант.

1. Apples/The apples are good for you.

2. Look at apples/the apples on that tree! They're very big.

3. Women/The women live longer than men/the men.

4. I don't drink tea/the tea. I don't like it.

5. We had a very nice meal. Vegetables/The veg- etables were especially good. 6. Life/The life is strange sometimes. Some very strange things happen.

7. Who are people/the people in this photograph?

8. What makes people/the people violent? What causes aggression/the aggression?

9. First World War/The First World War lasted from 1914 until 1918.

10. Ron and Brenda got married but marriage/the marriage didn't last very long.

11. Don't stay in that hotel. It's very noisy and beds/the beds are very uncomfortable.

 

 

Упр. 12. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. … Broadway is in … New York.

2. South of England is warmer than north.

3. The highest mountain in Africa is Kilimanjaro (5,895 meters).

4. Which newspaper shall I buy … «Independent» or … «Herald»?

5. Chicago is on Lake Michigan.

6. Portugal is in western Europe.

7. France and Britain are separated by Channel.

8. Another park in central London is … St. James's Park.

9. Next year we are going skiing in … Swiss Alps.

10. … Grand Hotel is in … Baker Street.

11. Jim has travelled a lot in … Middle East.

12. We flew to New York from … Gatwick Airport near London.

13. … United Kingdom consists of … Great Britain and … Northern Ireland. 14. … Seychelles are a group of islands in … Indian Ocean.

15. If you're looking for a good clothes shop, I would rec- ommend … Harrison's.

16. … River Volga flows into … Caspian Sea.

17. You should go to … Science Museum. It's very interesting.