Complete the first part of the sentences in column A with the right endings in column B

 

A 1 Government expect something in return 2 Every time Peter chairs a meeting 3 People are usually more productive 4 If you send someone an email, 5 If inflation rises, 6 When you have a high staff turnover, 7 If anyone from our Hamburg office visits, 8 We spend a great deal on promotion 9 I always fly Club Class

B a when I go on a long haul flight. b it normally arrives in seconds. c I usually look after them. d if they give aid. e whenever we launch a new model. f it always goes on for a long time. g if they work in pleasant surroundings. h the value of people's savings goes down. i something is wrong with the management.

 

II. First conditional

Look at the notes about each situation. Then write if sentences using the present simple and will + infinitive.

 

1 a motorway may be very busy - we/miss the flight

If the motorway is very busy we'll miss the flight.

b traffic may be OK - we/get to the airport on time

………………………………………………………………………………...…...

2 a weather may be good - they/have the party in the garden

………………………………………………………………………………...…...

b it may rain - they/hold the reception in the marquee

……………………………………………………………………………...……...

3a the play may do well - it/open on Broadway

……………………………………………………………………………………..

b the play may do badly - it/close after a week

 

III. If or when?

Fill in the blanks with if or when.

 

1. I don't think you'll have any problems, but call me ............. you do.

2. Mrs. Barton is coming this afternoon. Could you send her up ............. she arrives?

3. We won't be able to compete ............. we don't adopt a better Internet strategy.

4. Put that on my bill please, and I'll pay ............. I check out.

5. I'll be disappointed ............. I'm not promoted this year.

6. Sales are low this spring, but they will improve ............. summer starts.

 

IV. Read the following dialogue, and choose the best option from the words in italics.

Hans: I'll be at a meeting this afternoon, so if Pierre ¹will call/calls, ²tell/you'll tell him I'll give him a ring later.

Claudia: OK, but there's one other thing. You've got a meeting with Mr. Sachs at 5.00. Will you be back by then?

Hans: It depends, really, but I'll call you. If the meeting³will go on/goes on after 4.30, you ⁴will/can cancel my appointment with Mr. Sachs. But if it has already finished by then, I⁵may/am able to get back in time.

Claudia: Anything else?

Hans: Yes, if you⁶will manage/manage to get hold of Kevin, you ⁷must/will get the October sales figures from him. I need them today. The Chairman ⁸may/can come to the sales meeting tomorrow, and if he does, he ⁹will want/must want to see them.

 

V. Imaginary present situations.

Rewrite the following sentences with if and the second conditional.

1. The reason we don't use them is that they are so expensive.

But if they weren't so expensive, we'd use them.

2. The reason I can't contact them is that I haven't got their address.

But ……………………………………………………………………………

3. The reason I work so hard is that I enjoy my job.

But……………………………………………………………………………

4. The reason we are the market leaders is that we spend so much on R&D.

But ……………………………………………………………………………

5. The reason I can't give you an answer is that I haven't got the authority.

But ……………………………………………………………………………

VI. First or second conditional?

Read through the following sentences. Decide whether the events are likely or imaginary, and put the verbs in brackets into the right tense.

1. If everyone contributed (contribute) 20% of their salaries to charity, there would be (be) no poverty.

2. I am confident that we ……… (meet) our targets if we ……… (maintain) our current level of sales.

3. If I ……… (be) in your position, I ……… (insist) on having more staff in the department.

4. Please have a seat. If you ……… (wait) a couple of minutes, I ……… (give) you a lift.

5. I'm expecting a call from Grayson's. If they ……… (ring) today, please ……… (let) me know at once.

6. I ……… (apply) for the job if I ……… (have) an MBA, but unfortunately I haven't.

7. I ……… (be) back at 8.30 if the traffic ……… (not/be) too bad.

8. What laws ……… (you/change) if you ……… (be) the Prime Minister?

VII. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Choose either the past perfect (had done) or would + perfect infinitive (would have done).

1. If we had known (know) that the company had such huge debts, we wouldn't have invested in it.

2. We would have won that contract if we ……… (make) a better offer.

3. They ……… (go) out of business years ago if they hadn't invested in new technology.

4. Would sales have been higher if the price ……… (be) lower?

5. If we ……… (wait) a few more months, we'd have saved a great deal of money on the IT system.

6. The company ……… (move) earlier if it had found suitable premises.

7. ……… you ……… (accept) the new job if they'd offered it to you?

8. If the flight had been delayed, I ……… (stay) at the airport hotel.

 

VIII. Match the first part of the sentences in column A with the right ending in column B.

A If we had the right figures, Could you have worked in Paris We might have lost a great deal of money If they hadn't won that order, If he hadn't gone into banking, If you had left earlier, Her presentation could have been better If they had offered a 15% pay rise,

B he might have gone into insurance. they could have prevented the strike. we could have avoided a costly error. if you had wanted to? if she had been more prepared. they might have had to close the factory. if we hadn't taken our lawyer's advice. you might have got there on time.

 

IX. Mixed conditionals.