Of the Financial Planning in the Ukraine

Current economic conditions under which enterprises find themselves alone with the uncertain external environment, the unpredictable behavior of other market actors, encouraged them to implement and maximize forecasting and financial planning, further improving the methodology and technique development as forecasts and plans.

Resort to financial planning as a process of future financial needs of the enterprise, and to determine how the funding was conducted in the past period and that the money spent. With the help of financial planning and control of enterprise managers can assess the extent consistent with its objectives of applied methods of financial calculations. Substantiating the necessity and importance of financial planning, it should be noted that in the context of financial stability financial planning vidvodytysya has a special role because it is connected with the resource factor - formation, placement and use of financial resources and profit on invested capital in economic activity. [16, c. 69-71]

It is in the process of financial planning needs of the enterprise economically grounded in equity to enforce the business plan projected volume of economic activities, which trail linked to a real and existing sources of funding to attract and create financial stability conditions of the enterprise. Implementing the financial planning process, keep in mind that its purpose should be practical feasibility capital requirements for amounts of projected operating and investing, mutual deviations of the prison with the real needs to attract capital, resource access cycle on the basis of production assets financial stability, solvency, creation of preconditions for net income in an amount sufficient to economic and social development.

To achieve this goal, companies must:

• determine the amount needed and the possible financial resources by source of their directions and use for operating, investing and other activities;

• optimize the capital structure of the sources and areas of accommodation;

• identify predictors of return to capital, advanced to the formation of a business;

• develop alternative or preventive measures in case of deviations from predicted values;

• monitor and respond to the implementation of financial plan. [12, c. 89]

To finance investments in companies to attract long-term capital through the stock market. You can also resort to issuing new shares. Also involved and loan capital through bonds.

In world practice, made the specific innovation strategy, the main ones are "borrowing" and "capacity". [4, c. 121]

The strategy of "borrowing" is that by attracting cheap labor and use of private scientific and technological capabilities, master the production company, which previously produced in developed countries, underdeveloped countries with the following build-up. More umozhlyvlyuyetsya perform their own research and doslidnokonstruktorskyh work (R & D).

The strategy of "growth" is that using their own scientific and technological capacity, participation of foreign scientists and designers integrate basic and applied science is constantly creating new products, high technology, realized in the production and social sphere, that grows up innovation. This strategy is actively used in the U.S., Britain, France and Germany. [11, sec. 73 - 77]

One way of improving financial stability is to improve the forms and methods of enterprise financial management and in particular forms and methods of financial planning, so you can anticipate the potential financial risks and ensure this by improving the efficiency of financial and business enterprises. [11, c. 73]

The process of financial planning at the enterprises of mechanical engineering depends heavily on the technological, organizational and economic features of this industry which is highly depreciated assets, lack of investments in fixed assets and their use of ineffective, low investment attractiveness, low innovation potential of enterprises.

First, the planning process takes place in changing economic environment, so in a crisis to create financial plans, based on figures of previous periods, is illogical and wrong. Furthermore, traditional methods of budgeting (operational establishment of financial plans) has significant shortcomings:

• the basis of all budgets take resources, budgets are not focused on output and customer needs;

• budgets to put most of past periods, and planned and projected figures calculated using linear correlation;

• budgeting shows no evidence of non-capacity, lack of, equipment failures, their causes and sources, does not regulate the workload of equipment;

• budgets do not include the ratio of costs and benefits obtained at different levels of production. [2, c. 86]

Thus, it should be noted that to ensure the financial stability of enterprises should pay more attention to financial planning in order to enforce the business plan projected range of operational and investment activities and taking into account scientific and technical potential of component companies have long-term development options for companies.