JONATHAN SWIFT (1667 - 1745)

Jonathan Swift was born of English parents in Dublin. Circumstances of want, dependence and humiliation were the early impressions of Swift's Childhood. Swift won the hearts of the Irish and incurred the hatred of the rulers of England by publishing "A Proposal for the Universal Use of Irish Manufacturers" (1720) - pamphlet where he came out in defense of Irish rights for free development of their own industries. In 1726 Swift's greatest work "Gulliver's Travels" made its appearance and took the world by storm. The hero of Swift's best-known work is Luemeul Gulliver, a plainspoken, simple, straightforward man with some education both as a navigator and a doctor.

Gulliver's adventures among the Lilliputians have been read by most children and adults, who enjoy the satire involved in such descriptions &s that of the Emperor. Swift vehemently hated all kinds of oppression - political, economical, religious, and this engendered a great love for people which found expression in his upholding the defense of the Irish people in their struggle for freedom against the

schemes of English politicians. Everywhere around him Swift witnessed vice, oppression and misery. He failed to see the way that would lead people to freedom and happiness

 

VI. Ответьте письменно на вопросы:

1. What were the early impressions of Swift's childhood?

2. When end Swift's greatest work make its appearance?

3. What did J.Swift hate?

 

 

Вариант 5

 

I. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого, переведите их.

1. Many new towns are being built in Siberia and in Far East.

2. My father was born in 1926.

3. Have all the telegrammes been sent off?

4. Not, yet, half of the telegrammes were sent off yesterday.

 

II. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1. It is for you to write a letter in English.

2. I need some flowers. Give me some red ones you have in your garden.

3. That is of importance must be quite clear to you.

 

III Перепишите предложения и переведите, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. The problem is too complicated.

2. Have you ever been to England?

3. I do not think I am right.

4. You are to know this writer.

 

IV. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. You are old enough to earn your own living.

2. The purpose of education to encourage people to be individuals.

3. There was no time to spare.

4. We found it difficult to help him.

5. Let me defend my point of view.

6. She needs a place to live in.

 

V. Прочитайте, перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

 

CHARLES DICKENS (1812 - 1870)

Dicken’s worldwide popularity is immense and enduring. More than a century has passed since the publication of his first novel - "The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club" (1837). in our days this book is known all over the world as well as many others by Dickens.

In the books by Dickens we have an astonishing combination of creative vigor, inimitable humour and abundant variety. Every personality Dickens describes is full of life: Mr. Pickwick's cabman as well as Pip Pirrip in "Great Expectations".

Dickens is one of the novelists representing critical realism in English literature. He showed the life of English society in his time, but he was never an indifferent storyteller. The writer touched upon the most significant social problems, drawing the reader's attention to workhouses, the ruling classes' hypocrisy, lack of rights of the poor, and the cruelty of state laws. He always took the side of honest and kind poor people. He struggled for virtue and hated vice. But Dickens was under a delusion thinking that social injustice could be changed in a moral way.The reader is touched to a great extent by the humanity reflected in every page of Dicken's novels. The writer arouses kind and pure feelings imperceptibly giving the lessons of love for man.

The well-known novels by Dickens are: "The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club", "The Adventures of Oliver Twist" (1838), "The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit (1844), "Dealing with the Firm of Dombey and Son. Wholesale, Retail and for Exportation" (1848), "The Personal History of David Copperfield" (1850), "Bleak House" (1853), "Little Dorrit" (1857), "Great Expectations" (1861), and "Our Mutual Friend" (1865).

 

VI. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы:

1. How much time has passed since the publication of Dicken's first novel?

2. What problems did Dickens touch upon?

3. What is the reader touched by in every page of Dicken's novels?

 

 

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 4

 

Чтобы правильно выполнить задание 4, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка:

1. Сложные формы инфинитива (Passive Infinitive, Perfect Infinitive). Обороты, равнозначные придаточным предложениям: объектный инфинитивный оборот, субъектный инфинитивный оборот.

2. Причастия (Participle I, II). Независимый (самостоятельный) причастный оборот.

3. Условные предложения.

 

Вариант 1

 

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям.

1. They want him to become a journalist.

2. He is said to know several foreign languages.

3. The computer is expected to save the scientists a lot of time.

 

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод зависимого и независимого (самостоятельного) причастных оборотов.

1. Coming to Moscow I always visit the Kremlin.

2. We watched the planes landing and taking off.

3. His speech finished, the audience applauded.

 

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие сложные предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод условных предложений.

1. If you study hard, you’ll pass your exams successfully.

2. Were we free tomorrow, we should go to the museum.

3. She looked at me as if she had never seen me before.

 

IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите весь текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.