B. Now read the words in sentences and mark which syllable is stressed

A. Find international words in the text and write them out. Learn
their correct pronunciation.

B. Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:

trading nations; industrialising countries; to enter the Industrial Revolution; shipbuilding, coal mining, steel production, and textiles; an economic advantage; to make up about 70% of GDP; service sector; tourist destination; manufacturing sector; to account for more than 80 % of exports; global car manufacturers; aerospace and defence equipment; a broad base of domestic firms; food needs; to be heavily subsidised; to re-vitalize the British economy; to lag behind; trade partners.

С Give English equivalents to the word combinations:

промышленные товары; тяжелая промышленность; иностран­ные рынки; международная торговля; излишняя рабочая сила; постепенно; на протяжении XX столетия; финансовые операции; Лондонская фондовая биржа; Английский банк; товарная биржа; мировой экономический спад; смежные отрасли промышленнос­ти; Европейское экономическое сообщество; сырье; Общий ры­нок; развитые страны; валовой внутренний продукт.

D. Complete the chart with the missing forms where possible.

E. Match the words from A with their opposites from B.

F. Match the words from A with their synonyms from B.

G. Match the words from the article with their definitions:

intensive diminish securities allied downturn

expertise re-vitalize commodity surplus

1)more than is needed; 2) special skill or knowledge that you get from experience, training, or study; 3) documents showing that you

own shares in a company; 4) something that can be bought and sold, especially basic food products or fuel; 5) a reduction in economic or business activity; 6) to make something that is failing or weak become strong and successful again; 7) to become less; 8) related because of having shared qualities or interests; 9) designed to produce as much food as possible from an area of land.

77. Grammar Focus

Even though is more emphatic than although. Though is usually used in everyday speech and can also be put at the end of a sentence.

B. Find sentences with clauses of contrast in the text "Economy
of the United Kingdom" and translate them.

C. Combine the following pairs of sentences using the conjunctions
"although", "though" or "even though".

1. The population of the UK represents only 2 per cent of the world total. The country provides about 10 per cent of world exports of manufactured goods. 2. We have investigated a number of sites. We haven't made a decision yet. 3. The British manufacturing sector has greatly diminished since World War II. Manufacturing plays a vital role in the British economy. 4. Packaging is expensive. It can help promote the product. 5. The British economy is primarily based on private enterprise. Some industries were nationalised after World War II. 6. Costs have come down. The advances in computer technology have been considerable. 7. The meeting lasted three hours. No one was bored. 8. The market has probably passed its peak. Computer sales are still very high. 9. We use our own designers. The costs are very

high. 10. Agriculture is one of Britain's most important industries. It employs about 2 % of the working population. D. Study the following speech pattern.

The Absolute Participial Construction

It being Sunday,there was no one in the office.

They were walking again, with Hugh calmly smoking his cigar.

E. Find sentences with the absolute participial construction in the
text "Economy of the United Kingdom" and translate them.

F. Match the items in the first column with those in the second
one to make sentences with the absolute participial construction.
Analyze and translate the sentences.

G. Combine the two sentences using the absolute participial construction.

Example: This duty was completed. He had three months leave. This duty completed, he had three months leave.

1. It was Sunday. There was no one at the office. 2. He could sit so for hours. His books were closed and were lying beside him. 3. The room was too small. We moved into a larger one. 4. The work was done. We were paid right away. 5. There were too many 102

applicants. The interviews were split into two days. 6. The focus was made on the quality of goods. But the productivity was still falling behind. 7. The progress of the reform was slow. The government was determined to continue supporting the needy population.