V . Выберите правильный перевод подчеркнутых слов

Контрольная работа № 2

I . Прочитайте тексты 1 – 3 и выберите из списка A – D подходящий заголовок для каждого текста. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A –Multi-purpose building material B – A track to the mountains		D – A long way from designing to construction C – Modern building equipment
1	2		3

1 ______________

It is one thing to design a bridge. It is another thing to build it. Planning and executing the construction of a bridge is often very complicated. The construction work is potentially the main problem to existing traffic and to normal life in the area, especially when large local fabrication works have to be installed.

Even before any actual construction is done, substantial work is needed in the form of tests. Boreholes will be made to check the condition of the ground, together with any available geological maps. In the case of a river or sea crossing, records of water levels and velocities will be needed. Models of the bridge or of parts may be tested aerodynamically and hydrodynamically, and of course mechanical tests will be made.

2 ______________

Concrete is a mixture of paste and aggregates. Through a chemical reaction called hydration, the paste hardens and gains strength to form the rock-like mass known as concrete.

Within this process lies the key to a remarkable feature of concrete: it's plastic when newly mixed, and strong when hardened. These qualities explain why one material, concrete, can build skyscrapers, bridges, superhighways and houses.

Ready-mixed concrete, is the most common form. It's batched at local plants for delivery in the trucks with revolving drums. Precast products range from concrete bricks and paving stones to bridge girders and structural components.

3 ______________

The Snowdon Mountain Railway has always been a tourist attraction only. Opened in 1898 its only purpose is to carry people up Snowdon, the highest mountain in England and Wales.

The gauge is 800 mm – a popular size used by many mountain railways. 

Each train consists of one carriage that holds 54 people; this is pushed up the mountain by a steam or diesel locomotive. The speed is 5 mph giving passengers plenty of time to admire the landscape.

There are totally independent brakes on the carriage which are not coupled to the locomotive for safety reasons. Should the train ever start going too fast, the brakes would be automatically applied.

II . Используя информацию из текстов, закончите следующие предложения

4. Problems to normal life in the area are caused by...

a) workers who construct the bridge

b) existing transport

c) large local fabrication works

5. Before the bridge construction begins...

a) tests are needed

b) existing traffic is stopped

c) fabrication works are installed

6. Concrete is...

a) a rock-like mass

b) a chemical reaction called hydration

c) a hardening process

7. The brakes are applied automatically if the train...

a) runs off the rails

b) goes too fast

c) starts going backwards

8. For safety reasons the brakes on the carriage...

a) are totally independent

b) are coupled to the locomotive

c) are not on the carriage

 

III .Выберите соответствующий перевод подчеркнутых слов

9. The Snowdon Mountain Railway was opened in 1898. It has always been a tourist attraction only.	a) один / одна / одно
10. Ready-mixed concrete is one of the most common forms of the mortar.	b) он / она / оно
11. One should make a lot of tests before constructing a bridge.	c) не переводится
12. In the case of a river or sea crossing, it is necessary to make the records of water levels and velocities.

 

IV . Выберите соответствующий перевод подчеркнутых слов

13. Designing a bridge requires a lot of tests to be done.	a) проектируя
14. Designing a bridge one should consider ground condition.	b) проектирование
15. An engineer designing a bridge should be a highly qualified professional.	c) проектирующий
16. To design a bridge engineers do a lot of tests.	d) (с)проектировать
17. Models of the bridge to be designed may be tested aerodynamically.	e) который будет спроектирован
18. To design a bridge is a complicated task.	f) для того, чтобы спроектировать
19. Engineers designed a new bridge to meet the requirements of the existing traffic.	g) спроектированный
20. The bridge designed consisted of several spans.	h) спроектировали

 

V . Выберите правильный перевод подчеркнутых слов

21. Ground condition checks are made by means of boreholes.  

a) состояние проверенного грунта

b) проверка состояния грунта

22. In the case of a river or sea crossing, water levels and velocities records will be needed.

a) учет уровня и скорости воды

b) уровень воды и учет скорости

23. This tourist attraction is a narrow-gauge mountain railway.

a) узкоколейная горная железная дорога

b) узкая колея горной железной дороги

24. Material quality requirements in civil engineering are quite high.

a) требования к качеству материалов

b) материалы требуемого качества

25. Bridge model testing is done aerodynamically and hydrodynamically.

a) модель моста тестируется

b) тестирование модели моста