Join two sentences together so as to form a compound sentence. Add connectors given below. In some cases more than one variant is possible.

1. People in games industry are interested in the habits of game addicts.

2. Boys are more addicted to video games.

3. Boys develop at a slower rate than girls do.

4. Those who are awfully keen on games cannot tear themselves from them.

5. Games manufacturers made some attempts to attract older audience.

6. Young adult women are least addicted to games.

a. Their health suffers.

b. Young teenage boys are reluctant to deal with girls.

c. It was of a very limited nature.

d. Their policy is to continue to attract people.

e. Game manufacturers are inclined to join forces with film industry.

f. Girls demonstrate greater freedom from computer games.

 

Connectors: that's why, because, while, nevertheless, as a result, although, in contrast to, moreover.

Put the jumbled sentences in the logical order so as to sum up the contents of the text. Add your own sentences where appropriate.

1. Girls develop faster than boys in their teens.

2. Boys are awfully keen on video games.

3. Games are not very popular with young adult women.

4. Health is damaged and they do badly at school.

5. Games made by famous film producers might appeal to women.

6. Some producers focus on games for adult people.

7. The consequences of being addicted to video games are dramatic.

Unit XIX

Key words and expressions: to tell lies, compliments, psychologists, to accept or reject a lie, reasons for lying, to spot a lie.

Pre-reading tasks

Look through the key words and guess what the text is about.

Read the text to see if your guess was right. Think of a proper title to the text.

Can you imagine the whole day without telling lies? 'Yes, of course', most people would answer, but then they've probably forgotten all those little lies that are said so easily - 'This is delicious'. 'You look lovely in that shirt. 'I'd love to come with you etc. Lying is a way of making life run more smoothly.

We are told not to lie from the moment we learn how todo it. According to psychologist Richard Wiseman, this is at the age of about four when children realize they can deceive people. We are not born liars. In childhood, the line between imagination and lying is often not clear. Children are praised for creative imagination but generally criticized for hiding the truth.

As adults we have definite ideas about which kind of lies are OK and which are not. Very often the reason for the lie is the important thing in accepting or rejecting the lie.

Generally speaking there are three types of lies, and liars. The first sort of liar wants to please people, the second wants to protect him or herself, the third sort doesn't care about other people and lies to get what he or she wants.

If someone is fishing for compliments and you tell them what they want to hear, you probably think it's a 'kind' lie. However, you get something asa result of this lie - affection, friendship, peace and quiet. When you lie for self-protection, the reason is clearer. To explain your lateness, you tell your boss the train was cancelled not that you overslept. You cannot be blamed for being late, because you are not responsible for the 'behaviour' of the train and the consequences. The third sort of lie could be more dangerous. It is,for example, the kind that people tell in order to climb up the ladder at work without caring who gets hurt in the process.

But what about being lied to? Can you spot when someone is telling you a lie? Apparently there are some verbal clues – lots of ahs – and liars take longer to answer a question. They also speak faster but don't always give the details. And then there's body language. Experts say there are certain things that can help identify someone who's not telling the truth. Speaking through their fingers and putting the hands over the face is one. Playing with their hair or clothes and being unable to stay still for any length of time is another. But the truth of the matter is that we all lie at some time and if anyone tells you they don't they're lying.

 

 

Post-reading tasks

 

Now that you have read the text think of a proper title to the text. Motivate your choice.

Choose the synonyms to the given words according to the context. Reproduce the sentence from the text with the synonym chosen.

affection a) protection b) pretence  c) love    d) apprehension

a clue              a) a key b) an offer c) reaction d) assumption

to spot   a)to search b) to specify c) to define d) to detect

to blame a) to ignore b) to praise   c) to object d) consider responsible     

 

Complete the following sentences choosing the best ending.

1. According to the text, lying

a) is saying something which we are not sure of.

b) develops a person’s intellectual ability.

c) makes one's life easier.

 

2. The difference between lying and imagination

a) is not defined by psychologists.

b) can hardly be grasped by a child.

c) disappears as one grows up.

 

3. In the text the author

a) explains that children are taught to lie by adults.

b) proves that lying is something people are born with.

c) puts lying into different categories.

 

4. When you lie for self-protection

a) your lie can be detected.

b) nobody is harmed.

c) you try to find someone else to be punished for your faults.