Приложение 2. Определение дистанции шестиминутной ходьбы

Этот метод широко используется в последние 4–5 лет в международной практике и позволяет оценить толерантность пациента к физическим нагрузкам, используя минимальные технические средства. Суть его заключается в том, что нужно измерить, какую дистанцию в состоянии пройти пациент в течение 6 минут. Для этого требуются лишь часы с секундной стрелкой и рулетка. Проще всего заранее разметить больничный или поликлинический коридор и попросить пациента двигаться по нему в течение 6 минут. Если пациент пойдет слишком быстро и вынужден будет остановиться, эта пауза, естественно, включается в 6 минут. В итоге вы определите физическую толерантность вашего больного к нагрузкам. Каждому ФК ХСН соответствует определенная дистанция 6–минутной ходьбы (табл. 1).

Таблица 1.

Выраженность ХСН	Дистанция 6-мин ходьбы (м)
Нет ХСН	>551 м
I ФК ХСН	426–550 м
II ФК ХСН	301–425 м
III ФК ХСН	151–300 м
IV ФК ХСН	<150 м

Приложение 3. Шкала оценки клинического состояния при ХСН (ШОКС) (модификация В. Ю. Мареева, 2000)

1. Одышка: 0 – нет, 1 – при нагрузке, 2 – в покое

2. Изменился ли за последнюю неделю вес: 0 – нет, 1 – увеличился

3. Жалобы на перебои в работе сердца: 0 – нет, 1 – есть

4. В каком положении находится в постели: 0 – горизонтально, 1 – с приподнятым головным концом (+2 подушки), 2 – 1+ночные удушья, 3 – сидя

5. Набухшие шейные вены: 0 – нет, 1 – лежа, 2 – стоя

6. Хрипы в легких: 0 – нет, 1 – нижние отделы (до 1/3), 2 – до лопаток (до 2/3), 3 – над всей поверхностью легких

7. Наличие ритма галопа: 0 – нет, 1 – есть

8. Печень: 0 – не увеличена, 1 – до 5 см, 2 – более 5 см

9. Отеки: 0 – нет, 1 – пастозность, 2 – отеки, 3 – анасарка

10. Уровень САД: 0 – >120, 1 – (100–120), 2 – <100 мм рт. ст.

Оценка ШОКС

1. Во время осмотра больного врач задает вопросы соответственно пунктам от 1 до 10

2. В карте отмечается число баллов, соответственно ответу, которое в итоге суммируется

3. Всего максимально больной может набрать 20 очков (критическая ХСН)

4. 0 очков – полное отсутствие признаков ХСН

По ШОКС баллы соответствуют:

I ФК – до 3,5 баллов
II ФК – 3,5–5,5 баллов
III ФК – 5,5–8,5 баллов
IV ФК – более 8,5 баллов

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