Sequence of Tenses. Reported Speech
1. Если глагол-сказуемое в главном предложении стоит в настоящем или будущем времени, то употребление времен в дополнительных придаточных предложениях в английском языке не отличается от употребления времен в тааких же придаточных предложениях в русском языке. Времена употребляются по смыслу. Do you know where she lives now? Do you know that she lived in Moscow last year? 2. Если глагол-сказуемое в главном предложении стоит в одном из прошедших времен, то употребление времен в английском дополнительном придаточном предложении отличается от употребления времен в аналогичном русском предложении. Применяется правило согласования времен.
Таблица 5 Сдвиг времен в придаточном дополнительном при главном предложении в прошедшем времени
He lives in Rome. I thought that he lived in Rome. Mother was cooking. I knew that my mother was cooking. She has returned from Negril. I was told that she had returned from Negril. My brother will send me a post card. I supposed that he would send me a post card. При переводе предложений в косвенную речь заменяйте обстоятельства времени таким образом: Direct Speech Indirect Speech today that day yesterday the day before tomorrow the next day … ago … before this … that … these … those … here there last year the year before last month the month before last … the … before next … the following Indirect Commands Keep quiet! She told me to keep quiet. Don’t make noise! She told me not to make noise. Indirect Questions: Special Questions. “What are you doing?” ― He asked me what I was doing. “Where do you live?” ― He wanted to know where I lived. “When did you come home yesterday?” ― He wondered when I had come home the day before. General Questions. “Do you play chess?” ― He asked me if (whether)I played chess. “Are you reading a book?” ― He wanted to know if (whether)I was reading a book. “Have you done your homework?” ― He wondered if (whether)I had done my homework. “Did you skate last winter?” ― He asked me if (whether)I had skated the winter before. Перевод следующих конструкций в косвенной речи. “Let’s play football”, said Mike. ― Mike suggested playing football. “All right”, said Becky. ― Becky agreed. “Oh, no”, said Mary. ― Mary refused. Test 1. I don't know where .. .. Do you know where ...? A is my passport; is it B my passport is; it is 2. Can you tell me when ... ? A does the plane leave B the plane leaves C will the plane leave 3. I'd like to find out what... at 7 p.m. yesterday. A you were doing B did you do C you did 4. Mike said that he ... on us the following week. A called B will call C would call 5. John asked the teacher if he ... take ... book. A can; the B could; that C could; this 6. Galileo declared that the earth ... around the Sun. A moves B moved C had been moving 7. We couldn't understand what.... A he meant B did he mean C he means 8. The old lady said she didn't remember where .... A she lives B did she live C she lived 9. Jane said that she ... music and ... to become a musician. A loved; is going B was loving; was going C loved; was going 10. Sherlock Holmes was wondering if the man ... the cabman what.... A said; his name was B told; was his name C had, told; his name was 11. We ... the child not to do that again. A told B said C asked 12.1 wonder if Peter ... us this afternoon. — Let's wait. 13. Alex says that he ... all his money and ... to buy the tickets. C lost; can't 14. My brother told me that he would be busy ... A tomorrow B the next day C the day before 15. I thought you … you … to join them at the weekend. A say; are going B said; would be going C said; were going 16. He said that he ……. swim really fast. A can B could C be able to 17. He said there …………… an accident outside the supermarket A was B has been C had been 18. Tom said he …………… to London ………. A is going; the following day B was going; the following C was going; tomorrow 19. Maria apologized for not coming. She said she had been busy ……………… A that day B the following day C the day before 20. Hannah said that she ….. to go to the football match, but she didn’t have enough money. A wants B would want C wanted
MEMORY Key words on the topic: read, translate, train the pronunciation, memorize. Sensory memory Short-term memory Long-term memory chunking - is a memory strategy that involves taking individual units of information and grouping them into larger units clustering - involves organizing information in memory into related groups; memory is clustered into groupings during recall from long-term memory retroactive inhibition - the tendency for the retention of learned material or skills to be impaired by subsequent learning, esp. by learning of a similar kind proactive inhibition - the tendency for earlier memories to interfere with the retrieval of material learned later decay - is a type of forgetting that occurs when memories fade over time
Популярное: Личность ребенка как объект и субъект в образовательной технологии: В настоящее время в России идет становление новой системы образования, ориентированного на вхождение... Организация как механизм и форма жизни коллектива: Организация не сможет достичь поставленных целей без соответствующей внутренней... Как распознать напряжение: Говоря о мышечном напряжении, мы в первую очередь имеем в виду мускулы, прикрепленные к костям ... ©2015-2024 megaobuchalka.ru Все материалы представленные на сайте исключительно с целью ознакомления читателями и не преследуют коммерческих целей или нарушение авторских прав. (953)
|
Почему 1285321 студент выбрали МегаОбучалку... Система поиска информации Мобильная версия сайта Удобная навигация Нет шокирующей рекламы |