TRAVELLING AND TRANSPORT

О.А. Гливенкова, О.Н. Морозова, Е.В. Евенко, В.И. Копельник

Английский язык:

Лексико-грамматический практикум

Тамбов 2018

 О. А. Гливенкова, О. Н. Морозова, Е.В. Евенко, В.И. Копельник

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК:

 ЛЕКСИКО-ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ ПРАКТИКУМ

Утверждено Учёным советом университета
в качестве учебно-методического пособия для студентов 1–3 курсов
всех специальностей заочной формы обучения

Тамбов

2018

УДК 811.111:378.22(075.8)

ББК Ш13(Ан)-923

        

 

Р е ц е н з е н т ы:

 

 

Кандидат педагогических наук, доктор культурологии,
профессор кафедры лингвистического обеспечения бизнес-процессов
ФГБОУ ВО "ТГУ им. Г.Р. Державина"

Т.Г. Бортникова

Кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры «Международной, профессиональной и научной коммуникации» ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ»

Т.В. Мордовина

 

	Английский язык: лексико-грамматический практикум для студентов технических вузов: учебно-методическое пособие / О. А. Гливенкова, О. Н. Морозова, Е.В. Евенко, В. И. Копельник. – Тамбов: Изд-во ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ», 2018. – 96 с. -
	Данное учебно-методическое пособие представляет собой лексико-грамматический практикум и включает 6 контрольных работ по английскому языку для студентов I-III курсов заочного отделения всех специальностей. Контрольные работы составлены в двух вариантах, которые отличаются по содержанию, но имеют общую структуру: одинаковые по типу и количеству лексико-грамматические упражнения. В конце пособия представлен грамматический справочник, содержащий основные разделы грамматики английского языка, необходимые для выполнения контрольных работ.

 

УДК 811.111:378.22(075.8)

 

ББК Ш13(Ан)-923

 

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Контрольная работа №1
Контрольная работа №2
Контрольная работа №3
Контрольная работа №4
Контрольная работа №5
Контрольная работа №6
грамматический справочник
заключение

ВВЕДЕНИЕ

Предлагаемое учебно-методическое пособие «Английский язык: лексико-грамматический практикум» адресовано студентам всех специальностей заочной формы обучения и направлено на формирование компетенции, предусмотренных ФГОС ВО: ОК-5(способность к коммуникации в устной и письменной формах на русском и иностранном языках для решения задач межличностного и межкультурного взаимодействия).

Целью пособия является формирование и развитие у студентов умений и навыков различных видов чтения (просмотрового, поискового, ознакомительного, изучающего) англоязычных текстов общей тематической направленности. Основной теоретический материал, реализованный в комплексе упражнений по грамматике английского языка, что позволяет максимально эффективно развить умения и навыки правильного оформления речи в типичных коммуникативных ситуациях.

Особенностью овладения иностранным языком при заочном/дистанционном обучении является то, что объем самостоятельной работы студента по выработке речевых навыков и умений значительно превышает объем практических аудиторных занятий с преподавателем.

Для того чтобы добиться успеха, необходимо приступить к работе над языком с первых дней обучения в вузе и заниматься систематически.

Самостоятельная работа студента по изучению иностранного языка охватывает: уяснение действия правил словообразования, грамматических правил, заучивание слов английского языка, чтение текстов на английском языке в соответствии с правилами чтения, понимание текстов; построение вопросов и ответов к текстам; перевод на русский язык (устный и письменный).

Для успешного выполнения контрольной работы рекомендуется ознакомиться с Грамматическим справочником, представленным в конце пособия.

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу № 1, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка.

1. Имя существительное. Множественное число. Притяжательный падеж.

2. Существительные в функции левого определения.

3. Времена английского языка групп Simple и Progressive .

4. Активный и пассивный залог английского глагола.

5. Способы перевода оборотов there is/are.

 

ВАРИАНТ 1

I. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения на русский язык. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

a) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

b) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного;

c) признаком множественного числа имени существительного.

 

1. The Boeing company is an enormous American aerospace company which manufactures aircraft.

2. Boeing’s headquarters are in Seattle, Washington State.

3. The US government buys its military planes, system and space vehicles from Boeing.

4. Most scientistsbelieve that what enters a black hole never comes out.

5. You can find many valuable researches and materials here.

6. A scientist'sjob is to ask questions.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их. Определите видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив.

 

1. The number of people benefiting from those satellites is growing.

2. He was having trouble finding a job.

3. When you see him next time he will be wearing a new uniform.

4. People are equal before the law.

5. Aristotle wroteabout it in 300 B.C.

6. We are discussing - and will discuss in future - threats to international security.

 

III. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. In Britain all learner drivers need to display «L» plates.

2. We will continue to need an effective and trusted police force.

3. This has become known as the "net oil exportproblem".

4. Most companies reduced exploration expenditures and focused on cost reduction, new mining techniques and product quality.

5. The situation in external product markets was generally favourable.

6. He left his number and name at the call center.

 

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. Progress on each phase is described below.

2. TV watchers are being fed with all kinds of violence.

3. A special Web page was created for the occasion.

4. The lecture on solar system will be delivered next Tuesday.

5. Josh was impressedwith your speech.

6. A number of countries have lost almost all of their forests and more and more developing countries are being classified in the low forest cover group.

 

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на обороты there is/are.

 

1. There is a lot of evidence that proves this fact.

2. There was some discussion after you left.

3. There are 52 police forces, or police authorities in Britain, each employed and paid by their local council.

4. There will be a large commission.

5. There are a lot of counterfeit banknotes in circulation.

6. There is a person who wishes to see you.

 

VI. Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод личных и притяжательных местоимений.

 

1. Whenever theymeet, theyquarrel.

2. I respect hermoods and herwish to be alone.

3. The doctor was looking for him.

4. It’s your own business.

5. My statement to the police was used in evidence against me.

6. He left hislast job to save hismarriage.

 

VII. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Письменно ответьте на вопросы.

TRAVELLING AND TRANSPORT

Travelling has become an important part of our life. People travel not only on holidays but on business as well. Some people travel to other countries to get education. 

People travel for different reasons. Some people travel to relax, to have a rest after a trying working year. Some people travel on business, to negotiate with their foreign counterparts or settle a deal. Some people travel to learn something new, they strive for new emotions and impressions.      

Undoubtedly, traveling is a pleasant and useful experience. It broadens people’s mind, allows looking at current problems from a different angle and finding a better way-out from some difficult situation.   

People choose different ways of traveling. But planes, trains, buses and cars enjoy the popularity among people the most. Planes are popular among business people who try to save their time as they carry passengers quite fast. Buses are suitable for travelers who want to enjoy the views of the country or city. They may be uncomfortable if the trip is too lengthy. Trains are the most popular means of transport among travelers as it is cheap and gives a possibility to rest on a berth. 

Whatever country or city you choose, whatever way of traveling you choose the thing about traveling is your feelings, emotions, aims. This what makes the trip unforgettable and memorable.

 

1. Why does traveling become an important part pf our life?

2. What are the reasons of traveling?

3. Why is traveling useful for people?

4. What ways of traveling do you know?

5. What transport do business people prefer?

6. Why are trains the most popular means of transport?

 

VIII. Письменно переведите текст.

Environment

Our planet is the only place where a human being might live. Unfortunately, scientists haven’t yet discovered other planets, to where a person may move and live the rest of life. That’s why our task is to take care of the Earth and look after our nature and surroundings as well as possible.   

A human being is able not only to create but also to destroy. Especially our earth suffers badly from pernicious actions of man. This applies to both people’s neglectful attitude to the nature – dropping of cigarette ends, rubbish on the earth – and industrial factories and natural appearances (e.g. acid rains).     

Factories regularly emit harmful chemicals into the air. Petrol and gas, that are used by our drivers, also leave much to be desired. Apart from air pollution, water and soil are subjected to pollutions as well. When such fuels as coal and oil burn, they emit very dangerous smoke.        

A person destroys not only environment, plants, animals, but also himself. Faster and faster man’s health starts worsening; children of weak immune system are being given birth. Forests are being cut down, and animals from the Red Book are gradually dying out. What will be next in our world of progressive technology remains undecided.

 

 

ВАРИАНТ 2

I. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения на русский язык. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

a) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

b) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного;

c) признаком множественного числа имени существительного.

 

1. This company now developsproducts for Hewlett Packard.

2. At present the team of our firm consists of professional auditors, consultants and experts.

3. The state is a system of official institutions and organs.

4. John completely forgot his friend’s warning.

5. It also builds partnerships with other organisations that support such activities.

6. She presents the journalist’s material as the evidence.

 

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их. Определите видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив.

 

1. So you becamea scientist and I becamea writer.

2. Those functions are becoming increasingly important.

3. The journalist was examining the documents all day long yesterday.

4. The electorate will increase in size from 500,000 to 813,000 electors.

5. I wrotethe letters of resignation.

6. It isclear that the situation is not entirely satisfactory.

 

III. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

 

1. The length of transmissionlines of 400 kV and higher voltagesis 4900 km.

2. This includes shopassistants, managers, automobile repair specialists, and, certainly, senior managers.

3. The contract period was 18 months.

4. The video game industry in 2005 became a 29 billion dollar business.

5. We help companies optimize their business processes, by effective using of modern IT technologies.

6. Many of the northern and Scottish cities also experience sharply enhanced rush hours.

 

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. The news is being reported in all newspapers.

2. The castle was built quite late - in eighteenth century.

3. If he starts speaking the secret will be revealed.

4. At common law, all fair and accurate reports of Parliament and the courts are protected by qualified privilege.

5. The candidates from different political parties were being discussed by the electors.

6. According to English law, people are innocent until they are proved guilty.

 

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на обороты there is/are.

 

1. There are several important issues on the agenda of the meeting.

2. Today there is very limited cooperation in this area.

3. In many countries, there was not enough growth to create jobs.

4. Competition implies that there will be winners and losers.

5. Finally, there were proposals for future action.

6. There are three methods of international payment: a telegraphic transfer, a SWIFT transfer and a mail transfer.

 

VI. Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод личных и притяжательных местоимений.

 

1. When shewas abroad, she often used Skype.

2. We must invest in them, motivate them, and treat themwith the respect that they deserve.

3. Theye-mail each other all the time, theytalk on the phone whenever they can.

4. I'll probably be working for him now.

5. As soon as we find out her legal address we shall contact you.

6. Please telephone him to send this message.

 

VII. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Письменно ответьте на вопросы

Healhty Way Of Life

Scientists say that in the future people will live longer. With healthier lifestyles and better medical care, the average person will live to 90 or 100 instead of 70 and 75 like today. When the human genome is decoded, we'll probably live up to 150. Incurable diseases will be cured, and "bad" genes replaced.

But that's tomorrow. And today, we continue to stuff ourselves with fast food — chips and pizzas, hamburgers and hot dogs. We are always in a hurry. We have no time to enjoy a home-cooked dinner with family and friends. We want to eat at that moment and we want to eat fast. What is tasty is not always healthy. Doctors say that chips and pizzas are fattening, cola spoils our teeth and coffee shortens our lives.

If we eat too much, we'll become obese, and obesity leads to heart disease, diabetes and other serious illnesses. But the world today is getting fatter and fatter. America is the world's leader in obesity, but Europe is quickly catching up.

Lack of exercise is another serious problem. We spend hours in front of our computers and TV-sets. Few of us do morning exercises. We walk less, because we prefer to use cars or public transport. Research shows, however, that young people who don't take enough exercise often suffer from heart attacks.

It's common knowledge that smoking and drinking can shorten our lives dramatically. Cigarette-smoking, for example, kills about 3 million people every year. Many of them die from lung cancer. Some aren't even smokers. They are people who live or work with heavy smokers. Yet many young people smoke and drink. Why? One answer is that tobacco and drinks companies invest enormous sums of money in advertising their products. For them cigarettes and alcoholic drinks mean money. For us they mean disease and even death.

We all know that the healthier we are, the better we feel. The better we feel, the longer we live.

 

1. Why do scientists say that people will live longer in future?

2. What unhealthy food do we eat?

3. What leads to heart disease?

4. What is one of the serious problems today?

5. What can shorten our lives?

6. Why do many young people smoke and drink?

VIII. Письменно переведите текст.

 

Internet

Internet is a worldwide network that transmits data to different parts of the Earth. Owing to the internet, humanity has a chance to share information, download or transfer files, communicate in various chat rooms as well as learn the latest news in the split second.

Every year users in a network are not growing smaller. On the contrary, their number is increasing. Two thirds of Americans regularly use the internet. The second place has been taken by the Asian countries - China and Japan. However, data are constantly changing. We can draw one conclusion from these indices - every day the number of users is growing rapidly.

Advantages of the global network are obvious. Internet is not only an entertaining place, but also a learning platform. Want to learn something - search the answer to your question on the internet. The answer won’t make you wait. Want to learn, for example, a foreign language – it’s all in your hands. Even higher education can be acquired via the World Wide Web. The only minus of the Internet is abundance of information. There is so much of it that at times you get lost in this web of communication.