Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление инфинитивных оборотов.

1. She saw two men start towards her from opposite sides.

2. The minister was reported to have made a speech at Cairo airport.

3. Judges in the lower courts are known to follow the decisions of higher courts’ judges.

4. The inspector ordered the prisoner to be questioned.

4.  Прочитайте Текст 2 и устно переведите его на русский язык. Письменно переведи­те 2-й абзац текста.

Текст 2

1. The guilt or innocence of persons charged with an offense against the criminal law is a matter to be decided in a court of justice. There are two methods of trying persons accused of criminal offences. One is by judge and jury in the Crown Court after committal for trial on an indictment; the other is summarily by a magistrates' court without a jury. With very few exceptions, all criminal proceedings in the Crown Court begin in a magistrates' court since an accused in the Crown Court must normally have been committed for trial there by a magistrates' court.

2. A magistrates' court is normally composed of two or more justices of the peace, but the number must not exceed seven. Some statutes permit particular offences to be tried by a single justice but such instances are rare. The normal sittings of a magistrates' court take place in a properly appointed courthouse on appointed days of the week. In England and Wales the initial decision to begin criminal proceedings normally lies with the police. Once the police have brought a criminal charge, the papers are passed to the Crown Prosecution Service which decides whether the case should be accepted for prosecution in the courts or whether the proceedings should be discontinued. In Scotland public prosecutors (procurators fiscal) decide whether or not to bring proceedings. In Northern Ireland there is a Director of Public Prosecutions. In England and Wales (and exceptionally in Scotland) a private person may institute criminal proceedings. Police may issue cautions, and in Scotland the procurator fiscal may warn, instead of prosecuting.

3. The Crown Prosecution Service was established in England and Wales by the Prosecution of Offenses Act 1985. The Director of Public Prosecutions is the head of the Service, which is responsible for the prosecution of criminal offences in magistrates' courts and the Crown Court. The Service is divided into 31 areas with a locally based Chief Crown Prosecutor, heading each. He is appointed by the Director of Public Prosecutions. The Service provides lawyers to prosecute cases in the magistrates' courts and briefs barristers to appear in the Crown Court. Although the decision to prosecute is generally delegated to the Chief Crown Prosecutors, some cases are dealt with by the head-quarters of the Service; these include cases of national importance, exceptional difficulty or great public concern and those, which require that suggestions of local influence be avoided. Such cases might include terror­ist offenses, breaches of the Official Secrets Act, large- scale conspiracies to import drugs and the prosecution of police officers.

4. Discharging his duties through the Crown Office, the Lord Advocate is responsible for prosecutions in the High Court of Justiciary, sheriff courts and district courts in Scotland. There is no general right of private prosecution; with a few minor exceptions crimes and offenses may be prosecuted only by the Lord Advocate or his deputies or by the procurators fiscal, who are the Lord Advocate's local officials. Crimes prepared and tried before the sheriff and district courts, procurators fiscal prosecute them. The police and other law enforcement agencies investigate crimes and offenses and report to the procurator fiscal, who decides whether or not to prosecute subject to the directions of Crown Counsel.

5. Выполните лексико-грамматические задания на основе содержания Tекста 2:

5.1. Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений: вина, невиновность, предъявлять обвинение, уголовное преступление, рассматривать в суде, обвиняемый, обвинительный акт, уголовное судебное разбирательство, обвинение (сторона уголовного процесса), нарушение закона, расследовать, гражданский служащий.

5.2. Озаглавьте текст. Напишите на английском языке краткую аннотацию прочи­танного текста (не более 5 предложений).

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Вариант 3