What Is an Urban Cadastre?

An urban cadastre is a physical description of the land and real estate tenure in a city. It contains graphic and textual information. Graphic information includes the description of each individual parcel and building, topographic features such as roads, rivers, contour lines, additional information such as cartographic grids, geodetic benchmarks, etc. Textual information includes names of owners or occupants, names of streets or areas of specific interest, main characteristics of each parcel or building such as the area, the fiscal value, the associated urban certificates, etc. Both types of information are linked together and managed in a system known as a cadastral information system.

Most of the time, the cadastre is integrated with the property registry, the legal registration of land and real estate property. Integration of the cadastre with the registry creates a parcel based registry or a legal cadastre. This guarantees the exact correspondence between physical and legal ownership. In other words, wherever there is a parcel orbuilding, there are the corresponding titles or "legal tenure documents” registered in the property registry, and respectively, wherever there are registered titles, there is a unique parcel corresponding to it. This is technically permitted by a unique identification number that links unilaterally the parcel or the building to the title.

We can identify two categories of stockholders involved in the maintenance and use of cadastral information: information providers and information users. Information providers include cadastral and registry services as well as private surveyors and notaries. The former are responsible for the systematic production and maintenance of the information, the latter generally intervene for day to day individual demands, such as private utility and facility companies that would produce and need data for their own purposes like water tax collection. Information users include the private individual users, municipalities and local communities, public and private investors, banks, real estate and mortgage brokers, etc.

The successful urban cadastre depends upon legal frameworks, the social assessment and participation as well as use of new technologies.

4. Найдите синонимы среди следующих слов:

       Unsafe, local, indigenous, framework, ancillary, justice, additional, dangerous, fairness, stockholders, limiting, shareholders.

5. Образуйте от данных слов антонимы при помощи отрицатель­ных префиксов:

       Ir-: respective, repairable, responsibility, rational, regular, reclaimable, recoverable, recognizable.

       im-: patible, mobile, movability, perfection, movable, possibility, penetrability, police.

6. Переведите следующие словосочетания с русского языка на английский:

       Описание участка, топографические черты, дополнительная информация, городской сертификат, уникальный опознаватель­ный номер, 2 категории акционеров, пользователь информации, поставщик информации, правовые рамки, увеличить доступ, уст­ранить напряженность, дальнейший анализ, перепись владельцев, безопасность недвижимости.

7. Переведите следующие предложения с русского языка на английский:

       1. Городской кадастр должен содержать физическое описание земли и недвижимости в городе. 2. Городской кадастр включает графическую и текстовую информацию. 3. Информационные провайдеры и пользователи — 2 категории акционеров. 4. Городской кадастр должен иметь список владельцев. 5. Новые технологии уже решили старые проблемы. 6. Я только что зарегистрировал своюнедвижимость. 7. К концу следующего года моя недвижимость будет уже построена. 8. Правовые рамки уже четко определили распределение обязанностей между земельным агентством и агентством недвижимости.

8. Образуйте 3 формы следующих глаголов :

       То identify, to feel, to make, to impact, to accompany, to give, to vary, to understand, to equip, to computerize, can, to train, to teach, to see, to send, to improve.

9. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глагола tohave :

       1.The staff of this firm has been trained to maintain the computerized technology system. 2. You have to know everything about textual and graphic information. 3. Each city has urban cadastral maps. 4. Most of the countries have almost finished capturing cadastral textual information. 5. European countries have understood the importance of linking the property registries or mortgage books with the cadastre. 6. Every day I have dinner at 12 o'clock. 7. Recently the European Union has conducted a comparison of the European cadastres.

10. Образуйте прилагательные от следующих существительных:

       Investigation, administration, prosecution, communication, comparison, danger, science, confidence, base, history science, importance, registration, decision, difference.

11. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам:

       1. The social assessment and participation have required innovative approaches. 2. There have been three technical steps for the rapid technological evolution. 3. The European countries have understood the importance of the cadastre. 4. The staff has already been trained to maintain the system. 5. You have to stem lessons from a technical comparison of European cadastral systems.

12. Используйте глаголы, данные в скобках, в соответствующей форме:

       1. Recently we (to receive) the textual information. 2. We just (toprepare) the map of this city. 3. He (to be) to use graphic information. 4. By the end of this week the report (to write). 5. They already (to see) this information. 6.The European countries (to understand) the importance of property registration.

13. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

       1. What is an urban cadastre? 2. What does textual information include? 3. What categories of stockholders do you know? 4. Is integration of the cadastre with the registry so important? 5. Will use of new technologies solve old problems? 6. What have you to do when preparing a cadastre? 7. Should the legal framework provide a clear distribution of responsibilities between land and real estate agencies? 8. Will the field data acquisition process be governed by population participation?

THEME 10

1. Прочитайте следующие слова :

       Urban, bureaucratic, engage, assume, permit, accommodate, buying out, relocating, subordinate, transfer, consistently, envision, guide, insure, relationship,inconsistent, self-government, borrow.

2.  Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания:

       Russian Code, technical process, bureaucratic organization, mandatory “expertization",issues to be treated in sub-legislation, the spatial plan, density of settlement, land relation, a great variety of ways, broad principlesof public participation, soil contamination, immovable and movable items, mortgage financing system, criminal violations.