Задание 5. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

CHEMICAL HAZARDS

    These are commonly classified as either particulate or gas and vapor contaminants.

    Dusts are solid particles that are formed or generated from solid organic or inorganic materials by reducing their size through mechanical processes such as crushing, grinding, drilling, abrading or blasting.

Fumes are formed when material from a volatilized solid condenses in cool air. In most cases, the solid particles resulting from the condensation react with air to form an oxide.

Fibers are solid particles whose length is several times greater than their diameter.

Mists are generated by liquids condensing from a vapor back to a liquid or by breaking up a liquid into a dispersed state such as by splashing, foaming or atomizing. Aerosols are also a form of a mist characterized by highly respirable, minute liquid particles.

Gases are formless fluids that expand to occupy the space or enclosure in which they are confined. Examples are welding gases such as acetylene, nitrogen, helium, and argon; and carbon monoxide generated from the operation of internal combustion engines or by its use as a reducing gas in a heat treating operation.

Liquids change into vapors and mix with the surrounding atmosphere through evaporation. Vapors are the volatile form of substances that are normally in a solid or liquid state at room temperature and pressure. They are formed by evaporation from a liquid or solid and can be found where parts cleaning and painting takes place and where solvents are used.

Airborne chemical hazards exist as concentrations of mists, vapors, gases, fumes, or solids. Some are toxic through breathing and some of them irritate the skin on contact.

The degree of worker risk from exposure to any given substance depends on the nature and potency of the toxic effects and the magnitude and duration of exposure.

Задание 6. Задайте к тексту пять вопросов разного типа (общий вопрос, специальный, альтернативный, разделительный, вопрос к подлежащему).

Задание 7. Напишите краткий реферат по данному тексту, используя клише данные в приложении.

Вариант 4.

Задание 1. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов that, one, it.

1. We had to find new methods of research because the old ones were unsatisfactory.

2. It is necessary to obtain accurate data on the possibility of working and living in space.

3. It is the energy of falling water that is used to drive turbines.

Задание 2. Перепишите предложения, выпишите сказуемые, определите их видовременную форму и залог, в скобках укажите инфинитив глагола. Переведите предложения на русский язык .

Образец :

The article was being translated the whole day long.

was being translated – the Past Continuous Passive (to translate)

Статью переводили целый день.

а)

1. Electrical engineers work with power and light systems equipment, and machinery, with electrical motors and generators

2. When you have decided which area you are interested in, then you can decide what sort of engineer you want to be. .

3. They are installing new equipment at the moment.

4. Over the course of the next few years, the company will be supporting the establishment of two private technical universities.

5. We will continue our growth in the Asia Pacific region.

б)

1. Scientific methods of engineering are applied in several fields not connected directly to manufacture and construction.

2. The engineers will be asked to make an experimental model of the device.

3. The new engine is being tested in the laboratory.

4. The recruitment problem has been made worse by a steady decline in the number of students electing to study engineering.

Задание 3. Перепишите предложения, содержащие инфинитив или инфинитивные обороты. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные функции инфинитива в предложении.

1. Flexible automation allows a mixture of different products to be produced one right after another.

2. The first person to produce electric current was Volta.

3. One of the earliest attempts to propel a vehicle by mechanical power was suggested by Isaac Newton.

4. To be effective, personnel protective equipment must be individually selected and properly fitted.

5. Our plant produces automatic machine tools to be exported to Asian countries.

Задание 4. Перепишите предложения. Определите, признаком какой части речи является неличная форма глагола с суффиксом -ing: (причастия I, герундия или глагола в форме Continuous). Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные функции причастия и герундия в предложении.

1. Learning a foreign language is not an easy thing.

2. The main units in electrical engineering are those relating to current, pressure or voltage, resistance, power and energy.

3. Salaries vary depending on the engineer’s experience and education, as well as the location and the kind of job.

4. Another development using automation is the flexible manufacturing systems.

5. There is friction between the working surfaces of the engine.