LOCAL AREA NETWORK FOR A SMALL COMPANY

ТЕКСТЫ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ И ЛЕКСИЧЕСКИЙ МИНИМУМ ПО ДИСЦИПЛИНЕ

«АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК»

Специальности: «Менеджмент организации»,

 «Государственное и муниципальное управление»

Учебное пособие

Согласовано:                                          Утверждены на заседании кафедры

Заведующий кафедрой                             Гуманитарных и социальных дисциплин

Менеджмента                                              от «__25__» ____10____ 2007 г.

_________ к.э.н., доц. Морозова Ю.С.

Заведующий кафедрой

_____________ к.ф.н. доц. Разумеев М.Л.

 

Разработал – ст. преподаватель

Яцевич Т.В.

 

Петропавловск-Камчатский, 2007

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

 

1. OFFICE FURNITURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2. OFFICE EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

3. COMPUTERS IN AN OFFICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4. STATIONERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5. ORIENTATION INSIDE AN OFFICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

6. OFFICE SAFETY & SECURITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

7. THE COMPANY YOU WORK FOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8. WELFARE SCHEME FOR EMPLOYEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

9. BUSINESS ACTIVITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

10. JOB TITLES & PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

11. JOB CONTENT AND OPPORTUNITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

12. SALARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

13. COMMUNICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

14. SPEAKING OVER THE PHONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

15. ARRANGING AN APPOINTMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

16. PETTY CASH & CHANGING MONEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

17. MONEY & BANKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

SPECIAL FINANCING INSTITUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

THE FINANCIAL MARKETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

TODAY'S EXCHANGE MARKETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

THE EUROCURRENCY MARKET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

FINANCIAL FUTURES AND TRADED OPTIONS . . . . . . . . . 52

 

1. OFFICE FURNITURE

Офисная мебель

modem furniture	современная мебель
modular furniture	модульная мебель
furnished	меблированный
fitted wardrobe	встроенный шкаф (для одежды)
built-in closet	встроенный шкаф
corner construction	угловая конструкция
office cupboard	канцелярский шкаф
desk	канцелярский (письменный стол)
typing desk	стол для пишущей машинки
filing (file) cabinet	шкаф для картотек
filing shelves	полки для картотеки
filing drawer	ящик для картотеки
top / bottom drawer	верхний / нижний ящик
cabinet	шкафчик
conference grouping	уголок для проведения совеща­ний
conference table	большой офисный стол
coffee table	низкий столик
high-back desk chair	стул с высокой спинкой
visitor chair	стул для посетителя
swivel chair	вращающийся стул
mobile chair	стул на колесиках
easy chair	кресло
ergonomic	эргономичный
upholstered	мягкий (о мебели)
leather	кожаный
two-seater sofa	двухместный диванчик
coat stand (rack for coats)	вешалка
tray	тележка, поднос
umbrella stand	стойки для зонтиков
planter (plant stand)	ящик для комнатных цветов
waste-paper basket	корзинка для использованной бумаги

 

MODERN OFFICE – WELL PLANNED, COMFORTABLE, TIME-SAVING

Modern modular furniture offers great flexibility to create interesting configurations. Movable partitions can change the size of the space: being moved around they divide big spaces into work cubicles.

A senior management office can be divided into three zones: a working zone, a conference zone for meetings with employees and an area for relaxation and entertain­ing visitors.         

Modular and ergonomic furniture optimizes the amount of usable space and can organize functional and comfortable workstations, Manufacturing companies offer a selectable of Corner constructions, shelves, compact desks with rounded corners, light weight filing cabinets with wheels which can be tucked away under desks, conference groupings and up­holstered or leather furniture, office wardrobes of various designs and sizes.

The colour of the floor has an effect on people: they tend to feel less confident when walking on shiny floors от од light carpeting. Dark carpeting gives visitors a feeling of sta­bility.

Neutral colours and surfaces are recommended for con­servative offices: warm colours such as beiges keep people relaxed, while cool colours - blue, grey - keep people ener­getic and concentrated. For offices where desk-top computers are the main means for work, it is recommended to have the walls painted in a light shade of green, as green is relax­ing on eyes that have been 'glued' to a computer monitor.

Artwork - watercolors, landscapes - placed on a wall will also help-cope with fatigue and irritation.

 

OFFICE EQUIPMENT

Офисное оборудование

air conditioning	кондиционер
personal computer (PC)	персональный компьютер
computer set up	компьютерная установка
desktop model	стационарная настольная модель
handheld model	переносная модель
portable/mobile personal computer	переносной компьютер
Intercom	внутренний телефон или селекторная связь
switchboard	внутренний коммутатор
calling centre	АТС для организации
telephone	телефон
answering machine	автоответчик
with digital memory	с цифровой памятью
with error correction	с системой исправления ошибок
fax machine	факсимильный аппарат
photocopier	копировальная машина
laser printer	лазерный принтер
desk lamp	настольная лампа
calculator	калькулятор
dictating machine	диктофон
document shredder	уничтожитель документов
Typing	Выполнение машинописи
Typist	машинистка
shorthand typist	стенографистка
typewriter	печатная машинка
manual typewriter	механическая печатная машинка
electric typewriter	электрическая печатная машинка
to type	печатать (на машинке)
wpm (words per minute)	слов в минуту
to type at 40 wpm	печатать со скоростью 40 слов в минуту
to have high shorthand	показывать хорошие скорости
and typing speeds	стенографирования и печатания
ribbon	лента
ribbon cassette	катушка с лентой
left/right margin stop	левый/правый полеограничитель
paper bail with roller	планка для прижатия бумаги с роликами
platen	валик
paper release lever	рычаг освобождения бумаги
Keyboard	клавиатура; кнопочный номеронабиратель тел.
a new line	красная строка
Space	интервал
Margin	поле
Paragraph	абзац
punctuation marks	знаки препинания
colon /: /	двоеточие
semicolon / ; /	точка с запятой
full stop (US : period) /. /	точка
comma /, /	запятая
hyphen / - /	дефис
dash / - /	тире
apostrophe /' /	апостроф
brackets / () /	скобки
inverted commas, or quotation marks / "..." /	кавычки
question mark /? /	вопросительный знак
exclamation mark /! /	восклицательный знак
oblique /	наклонная черта
tick	"птичка"
cross/x/	"крестик"
asterisk / * /	"звездочка"

 

OFFICE ESSENTIALS

Most offices start with the basics: a telephone/fax machine combination, computer and a copying machine. A modern fax machine can be combined with a digital answering ma­chine, telephone, digital memory, and error correction.

It is important that the computer suits the needs of the user. There are Internet machines (Net Stations') that do not have hard disks and are specifically for web browsing. Com­puters are usually bundled with the software from which you can choose what you need. A network laser printer is eco­nomical and efficient, as office workers from many worksta­tions can print from the same machine.

The latest copiers have digital functions, colour capabili­ties, high quantity stacking capabilities.

Very often it is possible for every employee in an office to have a telephone extension at the desk. Workers can make direct calls from their own phones to anybody else in the office, through internal switchboard and telephone switch­ing systems or calling centres. Calling centres have a great capacity, and can accommodate from hundreds to tens of hundreds of subscribers. It is possible to use voice mail to call a person if he or she is not available at the desk.

Another must in an office is a document shredder. Big offices generate lots of waste paper, and a shredder is partic­ularly useful when there are checks, bank statements or other confidential materials to be shredded.

 

3. COMPUTERS IN AN OFFICE

Компьютеры в офисе

word processor	текстовый редактор
filing	хранение информации
accounts department	бухгалтерия
web browsing	навигация в сети
install a computer	установить компьютер
system administrator	системный администратор
adaptation	адаптация
tailored to specific needs	приспособленный под определенные потребности
programming	программирование
accurate information network	точная информация
network server	сеть (сетевой) сервер
workstation	рабочая станция
access to the files password	доступ к файлам пароль
wide area networks	широкомасштабная сеть
local area networks audible signal	локальная сеть звуковой сигнал
transmission	передача
fraction	доля, часть
Computer-users, mini-vocabulary	Словарик пользователя
byte данных	байт
CD-ROM disk	диск CD-ROM
CD-ROM drive	дисковод CD-ROM
CPU (Central Processing Unit)	центральный процессор
cursor	курсор
data	данные
database	база данных
file	файл
floppy disk	магнитный минидиск, дискета
floppy drive	дисковод для магнитных мини­ дисков
format	формат (данных) форматировать
hard disk, HDD (Hard Disk Drive)	жесткий диск, винчестер
hardware	аппаратная часть, устройство
inkjet printer	струйный принтер
input	ввод
key	клавиша
keyboard	клавиатура
modem (modulator-demo-dulator)	модем
monitor	монитор
mouse	мышь
mouse pad	коврик для мыши
output	вывод
programming language	язык программирования
RAM (Random Access Memory)	оперативная память
Screen	экран
software	программное обеспечение, про­грамма
text editor	текстовый редактор

USING COMPUTERS

A computer really makes office life easier as it can do all sorts of different jobs. The same computer could be used, for example, as a word processor, for filing, printing, working out statistics for the accounts department, communicating with other offices, web browsing.

When a company decides to install a computer, it usually gets a system administrator to study the ways in which the machine might best be used. If the company is a large one, the system administrator may be a full-time employee, look­ing after the continuous improvement and adaptation of the computer system. The system administrator will recommend what kinds of program and computer equipment are required.

Many companies buy ready-written programs 'off the shelf, or buy programs that can be tailored to specific needs but are mostly standard. This reduces the cost of the system, for programming is very expensive and time-consuming. Once it is installed and running, a well-designed computer system can take over much of the routine work and at the same time provide accurate information about the business quickly and efficiently.

LOCAL AREA NETWORK FOR A SMALL COMPANY

Such network consists of a central computer, with a num­ber of other computers, laser printers, and other machines, such as might be used in a modern office. Each computer that is linked to the network is referred to as a terminal or a workstation. The central computer is referred to as a network server. As each workstation has access to the files held on the hard disk system of the server, information held there can be obtained by any of the workstations, subject to the right pass­word. Thus the accounts manager can obtain historical data about sales, for example, and use his workstation to produce his statistics.

Wide area networks link offices in different parts of the country or of the world by special communication lines. Wide area networks link the same kinds of machine as local area networks, but you may find a facsimile machine at each end of the long-distance link. The facsimile machine can scan any document or photograph and transmit a copy of it to the machine at the other end of the link.

It is possible to transmit information over the normal 'speech' telephone lines, using a device called a modem. The output of the computer is converted into an audible signal, and sent down the telephone lines. A modem at the other end translates the signal for the receiving computer. Because tele­phone lines are intended for speech, they are not ideal for data. The speed of transmission is only a fraction of what can be obtained using proper data lines, and the reliability is not as good. The advantage is its cheapness.

4. STATIONERY