1. In the field of disarmament and non-proliferation of missiles.
2. After the collapse of the USA, Kazakhstan has become, according to experts, the owner of the 4th largest nuclear arsenal.
3. The presence of Kazakhstan's nuclear missiles would sober any aggressor.
4. On 29th August, 1991 a decree to close the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site is issued.
Kazakhstan - nuclear non-proliferation
Policy of Kazakhstan in the field of disarmament and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction is determined by the foreign policy of the Republic, based on commitment to strengthening international security cooperation between states and the role of international organizations in resolving global problems and conflicts.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan has become, according to experts, the owner of the 4th largest nuclear arsenal. By this time, the world is already well aware of the destructive power of nuclear weapons and international status of countries possessing them. Of course, that the new state could be a strong temptation to get their hands on such a powerful tool to ensure its security.
First of all, the arsenal, and it is hard not to agree, would be an effective tool for deterring potential ambitions of potential enemy. The only presence of Kazakhstan's nuclear missiles would sober any aggressor. Secondly, the arsenal would compensate the imbalance of military capabilities in the field of conventional arms and number of armed forces - and this argument was also logical for a difficult period.
Thirdly, the idea that nuclear weapons by itself will give the Kazakhstan the status of a regional superpower was widely circulated. The importance of maintaining high nuclear complex for the development of scientific and technical potential, fundamental and applied science is stressed.
Nuclear-free choice of Kazakhstan after the collapse of the USSR was made in extremely difficult circumstances. On 29th August, 1991 a decree to close the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site is issued. Kazakhstan became the first country in the world to show the world that the regime of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction is the norm.
FOCUS ON SPEAKING
Part 1
Ask your partner about his or her attitude to problems and prospects of agriculture of Kazakhstan and around the world.
Candidate A:
Questions that may be addressed to the partner:
1. What is the role of development of construction in our country?
2. What are the ways for making construction more qualitatively?
3. What are the problems we might face with in the development of construction?
4. What is the importance of construction and architecture in Kazakhstan?
5. What kind of the main housing problems do you know?
Candidate B:
Questions that may be addressed to the partner:
1. What kind of unique objects in our capital do you know?
2. What are their features?
3. Why is it important to build such kind of objects?
4. What is your advice for the development of Astana?
5. Can you name the most well-known architects in Kazakhstan?
Part 2
Candidate A:
Give your points of view on improving the competitiveness of the Nano-technology products of the industrial sector in the Republic. You may talk on:
- the growing role for government
- the policies adopted by government to increase industrial sector
- the possible problems, ways of solution on the given field
- the types of payments and credits to support
- the ways of investing this field of business
- the ways to attract foreign investors to the field
- the steps to enter WTO on Nano-technology products
Candidate B:
Give your points of view on agriculture today in your country and around the worldners faceest sucessful ng processs. You may talk on:
- the level and status of industrial sector in Kazakhstan
- the conditions and levels of industry in other countries
- the innovations are used in the given sphere
- the ways to develop worker’s skills on the given sphere
- the ways or methods to attract the workers and workplaces
- the facilities to share experiences abroad and in home country
- the ways of contribution for the country’s economy
Part 3
Role play
Make an interview between a journalist from one of the well-known Russian magazine “Arguments and Facts” and representative of Customs Union in Kazakhstan using the questions below.
· What were the positive aspects for the tourism in our country?
· In what level the quality of tourism will be?
· What you dislike most in tourism and give an advice?
· How the tourism in Kazakhstan organized in compare with other countries?
FOCUS ON WRITING
1. Read the following brief news on“The strategic directions of long-term development of Kazakhstan till 2050”. After reading the given information write down an opinion essay expressing your own personal position as one of the citizen of your country. Show your civic position or opinion as if you are much more involved on the topic.
STRATEGY “Kazakhstan-2050”
Today we are a successful state with our own characteristics, perspectives and identity. We have paid a great price to achieve these milestones. For over 20 years our country has worked to strengthen its sovereignty and political influence - a goal which we have accomplished. The formation of our nation has been successfully completed. 21st century Kazakhstan is an independent and self-confident state. We are not afraid of the ongoing changes in the world caused by the prolonged global financial crisis. Indeed, we are prepared for them. Our goal is to continue our sustainable development into the 21st century while maintaining and building on our existing achievements. By 2050 we want to have created a society based on a strong state, a developed economy with universal labor opportunities.
I. Established Kazakhstan - trial by crisis of our statehood, national economy, civil society, social harmony, regional leadership and authority in the international community. In 1997 we adopted the Development Strategy of Kazakhstan 2030.
That was fifteen years ago when the post-Soviet chaos has not been overcome, there was an economic crisis in South East Asia and Kazakhstan faced a difficult period too.
As we faced these challenges and others our strategy served as a beacon to guide our way forward and keep us focused on our target. We set ourselves an enormous task – to reverse the downward trend Kazakhstan faced and continue on the road to developing a new country. Only with the objective in mind can we set targets that will lead us to success. Today I’m honored to announce that we made the right decisions all those years ago. Our resilience through the 2008-2009 global financial crisis has proved that. Kazakhstan has withstood. The crisis has not destroyed our achievements, but has made us stronger. The political, socio-economic and foreign policy model of development that we chose proved to be the right one.
2015-11-10
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