Ex. 1 Business decisions
1.
| When you are building a team to take your company on to bigger and better things
| a)
| and your company's performance will suffer.
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2.
| First you make your decision, based on facts wherever possible
| b)
| but are we doing better than our competitors.
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3.
| The basic question is not are we doing better than last year
| c)
| so a manager would be wise to take their views into account.
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4.
| Innovation should always be customer-driven
| d)
| when a new work flow was introduced.
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5.
| A decision will usually have to be carried out by subordinates
| e)
| you have to be certain you are choosing the right people.
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6.
| A golden rule is to be objective
| f)
| and then you put the ideas into practice.
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7.
| The personnel manager may face a difficult task
| g)
| and that means finding what the customers need.
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8.
| You need to know what models are available
| h)
| before a decision can be made rationally.
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9.
| Make a wrong appointment to a key post
| i)
| so they can be recommended for pay increases and/or promotions.
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10.
| An office manager would benefit from an early feedback
| j)
| and so a manager must avoid being swayed by emotions.
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11.
| Typing pool supervisors should know which members of their staffs are working well
| k)
| before you can make up your mind which word processor to buy.
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12.
| A variety of data usually needs to be analysed
| l)
| when a number of first-class candidates are short- listed for a job.
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Ex. 2 Production
1.
| The various machines in a factory
| a)
| will be checked by the Quality Control Department.
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2.
| When there is a pile-up of semi-processed materials
| b)
| it becomes a robotic production line.
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3.
| Before the finished goods leave the factory they
| c)
| will almost certainly have different productive capacities.
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4.
| The mass production technique involves
| d)
| before a particular machine it is called a bottleneck.
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5.
| When machines take over the repetitive human involvement
| e)
| continuous production of more or less identical units.
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6.
| Although mass production lines are stressful for the workers
| f)
| to be clustered together.
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7.
| During the processing of the raw materials, handling
| g)
| to make sure that accidents are minimised.
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8.
| Stocks of raw materials must be available
| h)
| the technique has given us a higher standard of living.
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9.
| As the materials are processed they
| i)
| in the right quantity, in the right place, at the right time.
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10.
| In many factories a Chief Safety Officer is appointed
| j)
| will be made to travel the shortest distance possible.
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11.
| Machines performing the same operation are likely
| k)
| will be kept to a minimum so as to keep labour costs as low as possible.
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Ex.3 Information technology
1.
| Application programs are designed for general use
| a)
| to produce detailed graphics.
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2.
| Custom programs are written for the user
| b)
| to provide easy access to a range of programs.
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3.
| A program library is often kept in backing store
| c)
| so the user can 'draw' on the screen.
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4.
| A word processor justifies each line of the text
| d)
| to prepare, test and document computer programs.
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5.
| A high resolution monitor is used
| e)
| so they can be used in many different situations.
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6.
| A graphics terminal includes a lightpen
| f)
| as an economy measure.
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7.
| A computer is often leased rather than bought
| g)
| to distinguish diverse values or features.
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8.
| The functions of programmers are
| h)
| to suit a particular situation.
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9.
| The keyboard of a computer is used
| i)
| to input data.
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10.
| Dual-density characters are introduced
| j)
| to form a straight edge.
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Ex.4 Marketing
1.
| The salespeople in a firm which manufacturers pushchairs and prams
| a)
| could be expected not to welcome the news that a substantial increase in the petrol tax was contemplated by the government.
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2.
| Insurance companies offering cover against motor accidents
| b)
| would be encouraged by the news that the death rate was falling.
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3.
| The Traffic Manager for a company operating a cross-channel ferry
| c)
| will not be pleased to hear that the Meteorological Office are predicting a severe winter.
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4.
| The Sales Manager of a firm making hearing-aids
| d)
| should approve of a long-term rise in oil prices.
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5.
| Oil company executives
| e)
| would benefit from a rise in property prices.
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6.
| A publisher specialising in text books for schools
| f)
| would be pleased to hear of a reduction in air fares.
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7.
| The Chief Buyer in a large city department store
| g)
| would be grateful to learn that the school-leaving age is going to be raised.
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8.
| The line workers in a factory producing cigarettes
| h)
| would expect to be very busy after a serious gale had swept over the city.
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9.
| The Marketing Manager of a travel agency specialising in holidays in France
| i)
| would be disappointed to learn that a new airport was going to be developed for London.
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10.
| A firm of London builders and repairers
| j)
| would be dismayed to read in the newspaper that the government was planning to prohibit the sale of all products harmful to health.
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11.
| A young man who had just finished training to be a coal-miner
| k)
| would react favourably to the news that improvements were planned for the London Underground.
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12.
| The high street banks
| 1)
| would expect to earn more after the birth rate has risen.
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Ex. 5 Advertising
1.
| If money were not spent on advertising it would give manufacturers the opportunity to
| a)
| communicate between those with goods and services to sell and those who might benefit from those goods and services.
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2.
| Some firms spend large sums of money on advertising to
| b)
| make large numbers of their workers redundant.
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3.
| Many manufacturers see advertising as an insurance policy which gives them the opportunity to
| c)
| which the advertising message of a television or radio commercial is sung.
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4.
| Advertising can be seen as the means to
| d)
| ensure that advertisers do not make false statements about their products and services.
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5.
| The advent of satellite television has opened up possibilities for international advertising agencies to
| e)
| restrict the entry of competitors into the market.
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6.
| If manufacturers do not advertise when sales fall they might have to
| f)
| substantially reduce the cost of the goods to the consumer.
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7.
| A jingle is a short tune to
| g)
| whom the advertisement is intended to appeal.
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8.
| A hoarding is a site for poster advertising which some firms use to
| h)
| remind the public of the name of the product.
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9.
| The Trade Descriptions Acts were passed to
| i)
| protect themselves against their own too-optimistic forecasts.
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10.
| The purpose of much advertising expenditure on established brands is to
| j)
| advertise throughout the world with a single commercial.
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11.
| The target audience is the section of the population to
| k)
| flatter the target audience by pandering to their self image and making them more receptive to the advertising
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12.
| Ego bait is intended to
| 1)
| attract the attention of people such as pedestrians and motorists.
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