а. Вставьте в предложение пропущенное слово: ingot, paper money, hyperinflation, rate, the gold standard, the Russian unit of currency, the ruble, equal, coins, denominations

1. In the early 1920s.the economy of our country suffered from _______________.

2. _______________________________is subdivided into 100 kopeks or copecks.

3._______ changes from time to time.

4. If you have a gold or silver _______________________ you`d better keep it in the bank.

5. Currently Goznak is the state-owned factory that prints all Russian_______________________.

6. All Russian paper money is currently printed in Moscow but _________ are minted in Moscow and at the Saint Petersburg Mint.

7. The ___________________________of different currencies can be revised.

8. Coins of what _______________________________are minted in Russia?

9. The ruble is _________________.

10. By the end of the 18th century 27 dolya was almost exactly _________________to 1.2 grams of pure gold.

 

Учим термины.

278. The ruble /rouble - рубль

279. The currency of the Russian Federation - валюта РФ

280. A gold or silver ingot – золотой или серебряный слиток

281. Official symbol for the ruble – официальный символ рубля

282. The abbreviation for the ruble – аббревиатура (сокращение) рубля

283. Precious metal – ценный метал

284. A currency reform – денежная реформа

285. A coin - монета

286. To mint – чеканить, выпускать монеты

287. Suffer from hyperinflation – страдать от гиперинфляции

288. Paper money – денежные деньги

289. The state-owned factory Goznak–государственная фабрика «Гоззнак»

 

Денежная система Англии и США

Прочитайте следующий текст и переведите его на русский язык.

Pound sterling

The pound sterling (symbol: £; ISO code: GBP), commonlycalled the pound, is the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is subdivided into 100 pence (singular: penny).

There is some uncertainty as to the origin of the term "pound sterling". One source suggests it dates back to Anglo-Saxon times, when coins called sterling were minted from silver; 240 of these sterling weighed one pound. The Oxford English Dictionary says sterling was a silver penny used in England by the Normans and date the term to around 1300. A common slang term is quid. The etymology of the term is unknown, although it might come from the Latin phrase quid pro quo, literally "something for something."

The currency sign is the pound sign (£). The pound sign derives from the black-letter "L", an abbreviation of Librae in Roman. £sd units (librae, solidi, denarii) were used for pounds, shillings and pence in the British pre-decimal currency system. Libra was the basic Roman unit of weight, derived from the Latin word for scales or balance.

The Bank of England was formed in 1694, followed by the Bank of Scotland a year later. Both began to issue paper money.

The pound Scots had begun equal to sterling at a value of 12 pounds Scots = 1 pound sterling. In 1707, the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland merged to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. In accordance with the Treaty of Union, the currency of the 'united kingdom' was sterling.

The Irish pound was replaced by sterling in January 1826 at the value of 13 Irish pounds = 12 pound sterling.

The first sterling notes were issued by the Bank of England in 1694.

Sterling is the fourth most traded currency in the foreign exchange market, after the US dollar, the euro and the Japanese yen. Sterling is also the third most held reserve currency in global reserves (about 4 %).

Dollar

The dollar (often represented by the dollar sign $) is the name of the official currency or a banknote of many countries, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States.

On 15 January 1520, the Bohemian Count Hieronymus Schlick began minting coins known as Joachimsthaler. (In German, thal or tal refers to a valley.) Later it was shortened to taler or thaler (same pronunciation) and this shortened word eventuallyfound its way into English as dollar.

One theory says that the Dollar Sign ($) is directly borrowed from the sign used to represent the Spanish Peso which is in fact a "$" and is said to come from a representation of one of the Pillars of Hercules with a motto-ribbon as depicted in the Spanish Coat-of-Arms. All countries that use the Peso except the Philippines actually use the $ sign to represent their currency.

Вставьте в предложение пропущенное слово:a pound sterling, the dollar, The pound sign, minted, sterling, 240, pre-decimal currency system, Bank of England, taler, Quid.

1. Anglo-Saxons minted coins called _________________ from silver.

2. ____________________________is often represented by the sign $.

3. The _____________________ formed in 1694 can issue paper money.

4. Librae, solidi, denarii stood for pounds, shillings and pence in the British_________.

5. German ________________eventually found its way into English dollar.

6. The symbol of_________ is £.

7._________________________might mean "something for something."

8. The first coins were _______________ by Schlick on 15 January 1520.

9.____________Anglo-Saxon silver coins made one pound.

10. ______________derives from the black-letter "L", an abbreviation of Librae in Roman.

 

Учим термины

290. The pound sterling /the pound – фунт стерлинга/фунт

291. The official currency of the United Kingdom – официальная валюта Великобритании

292. Be subdivided into 100 pence (singular: penny) – делиться на 100 пенсов (в ед.ч. – пенни)

293. (Pre-) decimal currency system – денежная система в додесятичный период

294. The Bank of England – банк Англии

295. To issue money – выпускать деньги

296. To exchange currency – обменивать валюту

297. The US dollar – доллар США

298. Reserve currency – резервная валюта

299. Theory - теория

300. Coat-of-Arms - герб