В каждом абзаце найдите предложения, передающее его основную мысль

 

4.Переведите следующие выражения на английский язык:

нефтяные месторождения, маслянистая жидкость, бесцветная нефть, органические жидкости, земная поверхность, легкие частички, пористые породы, благоприятные условия, добыча нефти

Выпишите предложения, содержащие Причастие I и Причастие II и сравните синтаксические функции форм причастия настоящего и прошедшего времени в предложениях текста, способы их перевода на русский язык.

6.Запишите русские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

a mixture of hydrocarbons, a peculiar smell, sedimentary shell, gas condensate deposits, semi-solid asphalt, a layer of sandstone, the impermeable rocks, the surface of reservoirs, drilling wells, the structure of full production, non-renewable sources of energy, leaks of oil

 

Найдите в тексте предложения с глаголом – сказуемым в Страдательном Залоге и переведите их.

8. Назовите вариант, соответствующий содержанию текста:

1) The hydrocarbon systems characteristics are essential for exploitation.

2) For several years solid streamers have offered a solution.

3) Gas explosions constitute a major hazard for offshore gas and oil producing installations.

4) The most favourable conditions for the formation of oil and fields occur in cases where a layer if sandstone is bent in the crease.

 

9.Подберите прилагательные к существительным:

ancient favourable natural mechanical oil solid gaseous oily natural

conditions industry fuel reservoirs times drilling liquid gas hydrocarbons

10. Образуйте прилагательные от глаголов добавляя суффикс “ive”:

connect, act, collect, relate, contract, protect.

Самостоятельная работа

Прочитайте текст и выполните к нему задания

Electronic equipment helps off-shore exploration

Off – shore exploration of petroleum requires accurate navigation and measuring of water depths. A small ship is used for this exploration work in the Gulf of Mexico. It has several electronic devices which help the work.

One of them – an electrograph. It shows the conditions of the bottom. It measures water depth by the time during which waves travel from the ship to the bottom and back.

Then there is a small radar on the ship. It helps navigation in foggy weather. It shows the objects even if they are 20 miles from the ship.

Another important instrument on the ship is a radiotelephone, which helps to control the work of all the other instruments.

 

1. Выберите вариант, соответствующий содержанию текста: Electrograph shows:

1.distant object; 2.the conditions of bottom; 3.the work of other instruments.

2. Найдите слова в тексте, которые обозначают:

1) oil – 2) instrument – 3) seabed –

4) to display – 5) to move–

Unit 5

Coiled Tubing Technologies Implementation for Development of Bitumen and Heavy Oil Fields.

1.Грамматика.Грамматические проблемы перевода.

2.Текст“Aspects of Coiled Tubing Technologies Implementation for Development of Bitumen and Heavy Oil Fields”.

3.Самостоятельная работа. Текст “Man- made Oil”.

 

 

Предтекстовые упражнения

1. Прочитайте следующие слова и запомните их произношение:

Bitumen [bitjumin], position [pə’ziʃən], inevitably [inəvitəbl], unbiased [ʌn’baiəst], diverse [dai’və:s], viscosity [vi’skɔsiti], relevant [reləvənt].

 

2. Переведите следующие слова с префиксом- pre:

Pre-existing, pre-glacial, pre-historic, pre-Cambrian, pre-capitalist.

 

3.Определите по словообразовательным элементам (суффиксам и префиксам), какой частью речи являются следующие слова. Переведите их:

Produce-productive, leader-leadership, construct-construction, equip-equipment, use-useful, economy-economical, absent-absence, form-inform-information, possible-possibilities, differ-different-difference.

Aspects of Coiled Tubing Technologies Implementation for Development of Bitumen and Heavy Oil Fields

Пояснения к тексту

Heavy oils - высоковязкие нефти

Steam pumping - закачка пара

Fire flooding - внутрипластовое горение

The fluid viscosity - вязкость флюида

Multilateral wells - разветвленные скважины

Hybrid coiled tubing units - гибридные колтюбинговые установки

Conventional drilling methods - традиционные методы бурения

Russian Federation has a great amount of fields with bitumen and heavy oils. It has no rivals in terms of their number, position and composition of fluids. The position of pay zones is very diverse. The depth ranges from 300 m to 1100 m and plastic viscosity may reach 30 Pas. Among such fields and reservoirs of bituminous oils in Tatarstan, heavy oils of Usinsk, Ukhta, Pavlovaya Mount in Krasnodar region, etc. This leadership brings us nothing good, as the development of such fields is energy-intensive and troublesome. Yet, economic interests will inevitably force us toйй create conditions for production of these heavy to recover oils. Without further analysis of technical and economic features of numerous recovery methods existing at the moment, it should be noted that that methods of thermal formation treatment are the most relevant, which include steam (hot water) pumping and fire flooding. These methods allow to raise the temperature in the productive formation correspondingly up to 100 – 200 and 400 – 500^o C, decreasing sharply the fluid viscosity and providing its recovery.

Naturally, horizontal wells construction are preferable in such situation. They may have different configurations: multilateral wells, parallel wells with independent wellheads, ones with two wellheads and so on.

Presently our country hasn’t adopted a single point of view on the methods of making such holes – with the help of hybrid coiled tubing units drilling methods. The latter provide for making of the horizontal well sections up to 1000 m long with the help of downhole navigation equipment. Yet they are not very useful in drilling of multilateral wells. The final decision on the optimal drilling technology can be taken only after there is accumulated enough drilling experience and appropriate technical and economical studies are done.

Lack of domestic experience in coiled tubing drilling is also an important factor explained by the absence of modern hybrid drilling rigs in our country. Two rigs in Orenburg and in Bashkiria were mounted accidentally and give little unbiased information about the possibilities of new drilling rigs. Foreign experience of using hybrid drilling rigs proves their high efficiency during drilling of wells down to 1,200 m deep.

 

Activities

1. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы:

1)The position of pay zones is very diverse, isn’t it?

2)What configurations may horizontal wells have?

3)Are there modern hybrid drilling rigs in our country?