Ex. 1. Translate the sentences into Russian and state the functions of the infinitive

1. Surely it is not at all necessary to go into details. 2. I rose to receive my guests. 3. Passing by a radio-shop he suddenly remembered to buy some tape for his recorder. 4. At the sight of the man I felt an impulse to laugh. 5. Her first action was to visit the establishment of a famous dressmaker. 6. He was too astonished to speak. 7. The best thing Lanny could do was to get out of here. 8. He was careful not to allude to the subject. 9. It's an awkward thing to say. 10. The horse was quiet to ride. 11. He must have been very tired to come and fall asleep like* that. 12. And suddenly he hated Crum. Who the devil was Crum, to say that?

Ex. 2. Combine each of the following parts of sentences into one sentence using an infinitive.

Model: They sent me to University, they wanted me to study law.

They sent me to University to study law.

1. I am buying bread. I want to feed the bird. 2. He opened the door. He intended to go out. 3. He rushed into the burning house. He wanted to save the child. 4. He rang the bell. He wanted to tell us that the dinner was ready. 5. The farmer shot the rifle. He wanted to frighten the birds. 6. He sent his children to his sister's house. He wanted them to watch the television programme. 7.1 am saving up. I want to buy a car. 8. I keep my hens in a field surrounded by wire netting. I want to protect them against the foxes.

Ex. 3. Use the correct form of the infinitive in brackets.

1.I hope (to see) you soon. 2. We expect (to be) back in two days. 3. He expected (to help) by this friends. 4. I am glad (to do) all the homework yesterday. 5. I am sorry (to break) my pen. 6.I hate (to bother) you, but the students are still waiting (to give) books for their work. 7. He seized every opportunity (to appear) in public: he was so anxious (to talk) about... 8. Is there anything else (to tell) her? I believe she deserves (to know) the state of her sick brother. 9. He began writing books not because he wanted (to earn) a living. 10. The woman pretended (to read) and (not to hear) the bell. 11. Perhaps it would upset her (to tell) the truth of the matter. 12. The only sound (to hear) was the snoring of grandfather in the bedroom.

Ex. 4. Insert to where necessary.

1. I like ... play the piano. 2. My brother can ... write poems. 3. We had ... put on our overcoats because it was cold. 4. They wanted ... cross the river. 5. It is high time for you ... go to bed. 6. May I... use your telephone? 7. They heard the girl... cry out with joy. 8.I would rather ... stay at home today. 9. He did not want... play in the yard anymore. 10. Would you like ... go to England? 11. You look tired. You had better... go home. 12. I wanted ... speak to Nick, but could not... find his telephone number. 13. It is time ... get up. 14. Let me ... help you with your homework. 15. I was planning ... do a lot of things yesterday.

Ex. 5. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1. Этому трудно поверить. 2. Он достаточно хорошо знает грамматику, чтобы не делать таких ошибок. 3. Вопрос слишком сложен, чтобы его сразу решить. 4. Я принес книгу, чтобы показать вам эту фотографию. 5. Слишком жарко, чтобы идти гулять. 6. Он говорит о новом здании школы, которое будет построено в их селе. 7. У меня нет времени читать такие книги. 8. Правило легко понять. 9. Необходимо пойти туда сегодня. 10. Кошку нелегко было поймать. 11. Я прошу, чтобы меня выслушали. 12. Он сказал, чтобы ничего никому не давали без его разрешения. 13. С ним трудно разговаривать. 14. Эту книгу невозможно достать. 15. Вопрос слишком сложен, чтобы на него сразу ответить.

The Infinitive Constructions

The Infinitive may have a subject of its own within the sentences. In this case it forms with it a construction called a complex.

The Complex Object

The Complex Object (the Objective-with-the-lnfinitive Construction)consists of a noun in the common case or pronoun in the objective case and the infinitive. It is mostly translated into Russian by an object clause.

Subject + Predicate + noun (pronoun) + infinitive

□ I want Mother (her) to helpme.

Я хочу, чтобы мама (она) помогла мне.

□ They expect the steamer to leavetonight.

Они ожидают, что пароход отойдет сегодня вечером.

Compare:
verb + infinitive verb + Participle I

Isaw him enterthe shop. I saw him enteringthe shop.

(I saw the whole action - he opened (This action was in progress when I saw him).

the door, went in and disappeared.)

Ex. 1. Replace the following complex sentences or groups of sentences by simple sentences with the infinitive construction.

Model: I looked out of the window. He crossed the street. I saw him cross the street.

1. I shall stay at home and do my lessons. Mother said so. 2. I never smoke indoors. My wife doesn't like it. 3. He's an honest boy. I know it. 4. We don't eat ice-cream before dinner because Mother has forbidden it. 5. You got off the train at Salt marsh city. The porter saw you. 6. He ordered that tea should be brought at once. 7. No one had expected that she would marry the man. 8. I could hear it perfectly well. They were discussing me. 9. Don't shout so! The whole house will know what has happened. Do you want it?

Ex.2. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1. Они хотят, чтобы мы послали им телеграмму. 2. Я хотел бы, чтобы вы подождали меня здесь. 3. Он хочет, чтобы его дочь стала архитектором. 4. Она хочет, чтобы ее пригласили на вечер. 5. Хотите ли вы, чтобы я позвонил вам? 6. Я хочу, чтобы его статья была опубликована. 7. Мы не хотим, чтобы нас прерывали. 8. Доктор не хочет, чтобы я принимал это лекарство. 9. Он хочет, чтобы его послали в Петербург на конференцию. 10. Мы хотим, чтобы вы объяснили нам свое поведение. 11. Где вы хотите, чтобы я подождал вас? 12. Хотели бы вы, чтобы мы пригласили Джона сюда? 13. Я бы хотел, чтобы вы узнали время отправления поезда. 14. Я хочу, чтобы вы пошли сегодня в театр. 15. Хочет ли он, чтобы мы были здесь в шесть часов?

The Complex Subject

(the Nominative-with-the-lnfinitive)

The Complex Subjectconsists of a noun/pronoun(in the nominative case) and the infini­tive.It is considered to be the subject of the sentence, its Russian equivalent is in most cases a subordinate clause.

□ Laseris known to be usedin medicine. Известно, что лазер широко используетсяв медицине.

Ex. 3. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

1. The river is supposed to flow in this direction. 2. His childhood is said to have been very difficult. 3. You are expected to know these things. 4. He didn't seem to know you. 5. The situation seems to have become difficult. 6. He is said to have owned a very good, library. 7. He was told to have organized the whole business. 8. The man doesn't seem to recognize you. 9. She seems to have done it especially for you. 10. You're not supposed to mark other people's books. 11. The actress is said to be very beautiful. 12. She was said to have a wonderful collection of china. 13. This doesn't seem to be the right decision. 14. The man seems to be a stranger here. 15. She seems to be used to the thought that they'll have to move to another flat. 16. It seems to be an interesting comparison.

Ex. 4. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Это была одна из историй, которые часто рассказывала нам мать. 2. Он не мог забыть грустную историю, рассказанную ему старухой. 3. Он внимательно слушал историю, которую рассказывала одна из девочек. 4. Девочка, рассказывающая эту историю, уверена, что это правда. 5. Обещанная помощь не приходила. 6. Где человек, обещавший вам помочь? 7. Говорившая по телефону девушка наконец повесила трубку. 8. Говорившая с моим братом женщина улыбнулась мне. 9. Это один из студентов, принимающих участие в конференции. 10. Я поговорил с одним из студентов, принимавших участие в конференции два года назад. 11. Мы шли по дороге, ведущей в город. 12. Здесь уже давно нет дороги, которая раньше вела к озеру.