ОСНОВНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ БУРОВОЙ УСТАНОВКИ – OIL RIG MAIN

SYSTEMS AND UNITS

 

Теоретическаячасть – Theoretical part

На этом практическом занятии студенты работают с текстом практического занятия 4 (10). Для того чтобы построить монологическое высказывание на английском языке об основных системах буровой установки, нужно овладеть новой лексикой, которая дается ниже, и навыками пересказа текста, правильно строя предложения.

 

Задания – Activities

Задание 1. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания:

Activity 1. Learn by heart new words and phrases:

remoteness отдаленность

foundation фундамент, основание

land oil rig наземная буровая установка

derrick буровая вышка

turntable поворотный стол, турель

spare pipe запасная труба

casing обсадная труба

drill string бурильная колонна

drill collar буровое кольцо/хомут/муфта

bit долото, бур

blowout preventеr предохранитель выброса, КВД

power system энергосистема

diesel engines дизельный мотор/двигатель

hoisting system система подъемных устройств

winch лебедка

drawworks буровая лебедка

cable spool намоточный барабан для кабеля

block-and-tackle полиспаст

pulley шкиф, блок

reel барабан, катушка

rotating equipment вращательное оборудование

swivel вертлюг, поворотное устройство

pressure-tight seal герметичное уплотнение

kelly ведущая буровая труба

rotary motion вращательное движение

circulation system система циркуляции

pump насос, закачивать, качать

hose шланг

shale shaker вибрационное сито

shale slide вибрационный лоток

mud-mixing hopper бункер смешивания бур. раствора

to relieve pressure сбрасывать давление

gush фонтан, фонтанировать

suction line линия всасывания

discharge line линия слива

mud-return line линия возврата бур. раствора

annulus зазор, промежуток

Задание 2. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Activity 2. read and translate the text:

Oil rig main systems and units

Depending upon the remoteness of the drill site and its access, equipment may be transported to the site by truck, helicopter or barge. Some rigs are built on ships or barges for work on inland water where there is no foundation to support a rig (as in marshes or lakes). Once the equipment is at the site, the rig is set up. Here are the main systems and units of a land oil rig:

1. Power system consists of large diesel engines, which burn diesel-fuel oil to provide the main source of power and electrical generators, powered by the diesel engines to provide electrical power.

2. Mechanical system, driven by electric motors, includes hoisting system, which is used for lifting heavy loads, a mechanical winch or so called drawworks with a large steel cable spool, a block-and-tackle pulley and a receiving storage reel for the cable and turntable – a part of the drilling apparatus.

3.Rotating equipment is used for rotary drilling which consists of:

– swivel, a large handle that holds the weight of the drill string that allows the string to rotate and makes a pressure-tight seal on the hole;

– kelly, which is four or six-sided pipe that transfers rotary motion to the

turntable and drill string;

– turntable or rotary table which drives the rotating motion using power from

electric motors;

– drill string consists of drill pipe (connected sections of about 30 ft / 10 m) and drill collars (larger diameter, heavier pipe that fits around the drill pipe and places weight on the drill bit);

–drill bit(s) is at the end of a drill that actually cuts up the rock and it comes in

many shapes and is made from different materials like tungsten carbide steel, diamond that are used for various drilling tasks and rock formations.

D-1

an oil rig picture

 

Derrick is …………………………………………………………………………..

Turntable is used for ………………………………………………………………

Casing is …………………………………………………………………………..

Drill string is ……………………………………………………………………….

Drill collar is used to ……………………………………………………………….

Electric generator is used to ………………………………………………………..

(part 2)

Casing is a large-diameter concrete pipe that lines the drill hole, prevents the hole from collapsing, and allows drilling mud to circulate through the circulation system.

Circulation system pumps drilling mud (mixture of water, clay, weighting material and chemicals, used to lift rock cuttings from the drill bit to the surface) under pressure through the kelly, rotary table, drill pipes. It includes pumps, sucking mud from the mud pits and pumping it to the drilling apparatus by pipes and hoses which connect drilling apparatus.

Mud-return line is used to returns mud from hole.

Shale shaker or shaker/sieve is used to separate rock cuttings from the mud and

shale slide conveys cuttings to the reserve pit which is used to collect rock

cuttings separated from the mud. Mud-mixing hopper is the place where new mud

is mixed and then sent to the mud pits, the place where drilling mud is mixed and

recycled.

Derrick is a support structure that holds the drilling apparatus. It is tall enough to allow new sections of drill pipe to be added to the drilling apparatus as drilling progresses. Blowout preventer - high-pressure valves (located under the land rig or on the sea floor) that seal the high-pressure drill lines and relieve pressure when necessary to prevent a blowout (uncontrolled gush of gas or oil to the surface, often associated with fire). ( see diagrams: oil rig (D-1) and circulation system (D-2)

 

D-2

Drill-mud circulation system

 

Задание 3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

Activity 3. Answer the following questions:

1. How can the equipment be transported to the drill site?

1. ………………………………………………………………………..

2. Where are the rigs built?

2. ………………………………………………………………………….

3. What systems are used in oil rig construction?

3. …………………………………………………………………………..

4. What are the main units of rotating equipment?

4. ………………………………………………………………………….

5. What equipment is used in circulation system?

5. ………………………………………………………………………….

6. What are the main stages of drilling mud circulation?

6.…………………………………………………………………………..

Задание 4. Дайте русские эквиваленты следующим словосочетаниям:

Activity 4. Give Russian equivalents to the following phrases:

Derrick, turntable, casing, engine, drill collar, drill string, rotating equipment, mud mixing hopper, hole, bit, suction line, mud pump, drilling mud, shale shaker, pit, reserve pit, drill pipe, annulus, kelly, rotary hose.

 

Задание 5. Дайте определения следующим словам на английском языке:

Activity 5. Write the definition of the following words in English(see model):

Large diesel engine, hoisting system, blowout preventer, swivel, casing.

Model: Large diesel engine is a type of engine that burns diesel fuel oil to provide the main source of power

1. Hoisting system is …..……………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Blowout preventer is a group of …..………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Swivel is …..………………………………………………………………….

4. Casing is …..………………………………………………………………….

 

Задание 6. Составьте план и опишите схему буровой установки по картинке D1.

Activity 6. Make a plan and describe a drilling rig using picture D1.

 

Выучи: A FRIEND IN NEED IS A FRIEND INDEED

Learn by heart: Друг познается в беде

 

 

 

 

 

 

Практическое занятие 5 ( 11) Unit 5