Задание 3. Поставьте номера перед вопросами согласно содержанию текста

Activity 3. Write numbers of questions according to the text:

……. What is drilling on flexible drillstem?

……. Where has the bit already used to drill the surface?

……. What does the drilling industry do when it becomes harder to find oil?

……. What are the main methods of drilling?

……. How is the drilling equipment assembly carried out presently?

……. Where is coiled tubing method widely used?

……. What is the most primitive drilling?

Задание 4. Поставьте глагол в скобках в нужном времени(Present/Past/ Future Perfect и закончите предложения:

Activity 4. Put the verb in brackets in correct form and complete sentences:

1. I ( to read/not) ……………………………… much recently.

2. They stood on the shore until the ship ( to disappear) ………………………

3. We (to pass) …………………………….. all our tests by the end of May.

4. I’m sure that they (to complete) …………………………….. their work by June next year.

5. I (to know) ……………………. him for three years.

6. Before I left the room I (to turn off) ……………………………… the light.

7. He (to be ill) …………………… for several days when I came to visit him.

8. Pete (to invite)…… already ……………. me to the party.

9. Mr. Smith (go out) ……. just ……………… and you needn’t waiting him.

Задание 5. Переведите предложения с русского на английский язык.

Activity 5. Translate the sentences into English:

1.Нефтяное и газовое бурение стало широко распространенным и универ-сальным в мире. …………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………….. .

2.Во время бурения встречались почти все типы условий. ……………….

……………………………………………………………………… .

3.Есть несколько основных методов бурения нефтяных скважин.

……………………………………………………………………… .

4.Нефтяная промышленность обеспечивает буровиков более эффектив-ным современным оборудованием согласно их нуждам. ……………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………. .

5.Буровая колона, сделанная из прочной стали, вращает бур и направляет буровую жидкость для промывания. ……………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………….. .

6.В настоящее время монтаж бурового оборудования на вышке произ-водится индустриальным методом. ……………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………… .

Задание 6. Перескажите тест, используя вопросы из Зад.3 и предложения из Зад.5. Составьте план пересказа.

Activity 6. Retell the text using the questions from Act.3 and sentences from Act.5 and make a plan of your story.

Выучи: AS ONE DOOR CLOSES, ANOTHER ONE OPENS.

Learn by heart: В одном месте не получилось, получится в другом.

Практическое занятие 11 ( 17) Unit 11

КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ СКВАЖИН – CLASSIFICATION OF WELLS

Activity 2. Read and translate the text

Classification of wells

As we know, an oil well is similar to any other borehole drilled for the purpose to get water or other fluids from under the ground. Well is a deep hole in the ground usually lined with brick or stone for obtaining water from under the ground.

The well length exceeds many times its diameter. The well hole at the surface is called well head and its lower part is called bottom hole. The depth of an oil well is controlled by the depth of oil field or reservoir. The well diameter is different: at

the surface the dia is about 16-18 inches and it is reduced progressively to 6 inches

at the bottom. The oil string diameter depends on the expected well capacity. Any oil well drilling system provides different drilling means to fracture rocky formations without problems during drilling process as well as some equipment for removal of crashed rocks and water after drilling. It is also necessary to protect well walls from cavings and to seal off underground water and gas. Wells are usually drilled vertically or at some bevel. It should be deep enough to reach oil pool and of the proper cross section to install there a pump unit of sufficient capacity. Wells are drilled to carry out regional prospecting, search and development of oil fields and are divided into the following types: key/ pioneer holes, parametric holes, search wells, prospecting wells and operating holes.

Key holes are designed to study main characteristics of deep-seated formation of poor explored areas, to determine common laws of stratigraphic & territorial deposit distribution convenient for oil-gas accumulation. As a result of test-key well drilling the estimation of predicted oil & gas reserves is given by geologists.

Parametric holes are drilled to study deep-seated formation and to perform

comparative evaluation of oil-gas accumulation in possible areas of oil-gas capa-

cityprospects. The holes are drilled with shortened core sampling.

Search wells are designated to prospect oil & gas fields at new areas. During search wells drilling a full core sampling is provided in the limits of productive horizon and on the stratigraphic sections bounds.

Prospecting wells are drilled on the areas where good results have been obtained after search drilling. When we start prospecting drilling we know oil-gas content of this area.

Operating holes/wells are drilled according to the oil-gas fields exploitation project. These wells are designated to extract oil & gas from oil pools/ reservoirs.

This type also includes injection wells, estimation wells, observation holes and pressure observation wells.

Injection wells are used to inject water, gas or air into productive pool. Estimation wells are used to estimate/ evaluate the productive horizon traps.

Observation & pressure observation wells are designated to watch on pressure changes and water - oil contact during pool operation.

Special wells are designated to drain flushing water, elimination of open oil gushers, prospecting & mining of service water.