I . Прочитайте и письменно переведите весь текст.

UK Political System

 

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. This means that Great Britain is governed by Parliament and the Queen is head of state.

The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Houses of Parliament. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary and life peers and peeresses. The members of the House of Commons are elected by the people. They are elected from the constituencies in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The House of Commons is the real governing body of the United Kingdom. The executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the political party which is supported by the majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is the majority party leader and is appointed by the Queen. The Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet.

The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.

The judiciary branch of the government determines common law and is independent both the legislative and executive branches.

There is no written constitution in Great Britain, only precedents and traditions.  

 

II. Употребите прилагательные и наречия в нужной степени сравнения. Переведите предложения на русский язык .

1. The investigator must solve this criminal case as (soon) as (possible).

2. This book is much (bad) than the last he wrote.

3. (Many) people prefer spending money to earning it.

4. It’s (easy) to get there from London by car than by bus.

5. The (difficult) thing about learning English is grammar.

 

III . Употребите it или there . Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Last winter when everybody wanted to go skiing … wasn’t any snow at all.

2. Did you see the documentary last night? I thought … was good.

3. … is a speed limit on this road.

4. … is boring to sit through so many lectures.

5. … is the Parliament that passes new laws.

 

 

IV . Выберите нужную форму местоимений. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I’d like to buy (some, any) books on law.

2. Can you tell me (everything, anything) what happened?

3. Though his theory is difficult, there are (few, a few) people who understand it.

4. He doesn’t know (anything, nothing) about it.

5. We’ll start our tour from Trafalgar Square (which, whose) is the geographical centre of London.

 

V . Употребите глаголы в нужный видовременной форме. Определите видовременную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. They (to ring) me up last a fortnight ago.

2. They (to watch) television when they (to hear) the fire alarm.

3. I already (to fly) once before I (to fly) to America last year.

4. We (to leave) London for Brighton at 7.30 tomorrow morning.

5. The bank (to check) by the security men every night.

 

VI . Поставьте вместо пропусков соответствующую форму глаголов « to be » или « to have ». Переведите предложения на русский язык .

1. My friend … a lawyer.

2. He … a lot of books on law.

3. … you an investigator too?

4. The procurator … the right to appeal against any unlawful decisions and actions of state organs and persons in office.

5. I … a first – year student of the State University of land use planning.

 

 

VII . Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

 

1. As our meeting was to be held at 5 p.m. we had to finish our work earlier than usual.

2. You should ask your friends to help you with your English.

3. He can speak English.

4. We shall be able to discuss this problem at the next seminar.

5. Judges ought to act according to the law.

 

VIII . Выберите вспомогательный глагол. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. What (are, am, is) you doing? – I (was/am/shall) reading a book.

2. We think they (would/shall/will) not be late.

3. He (has/will/have) just sent a letter.

4. (Did/were/was) you tired after the trip yesterday? – Yes, I (did/were/was).

5. (Will/does/is) he meet us at the station tomorrow.

 

IX . Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на способы перевода Passive Voice на русский язык.

1. This lecturer is invited to deliver a course of lectures in philosophy at our University.

2. Appeals and protests against sentences and decisions of Courts of First Instance are examined by Courts of Second Instance.

3. That criminal case was decided according to the laws of the state.

4. The man was arrested by the police, but now they have released him.

5. The verdict was passed by the jury and the sentence was passed by the judge.

X . Употребите причастия I и II . Переведите предложения на русский язык. Помните, что перевод причастий зависит от их функции в предложении.

1. While (to cross) the street a juvenile was struck by a car.

2. The man (to answer) the judge’s questions is the defendant.

3. The detective is (to investigate) this serious criminal case now. He is still (to collect) evidence against criminals.

4. The case (to consider) last week was very difficult.

5. When (to take) to prison the convicted appealed against the severity of the sentence.

 

Вариант №3.