I . Прочитайте и письменно переведите весь текст.

 

The American System of Government

 

The United States is a democratic republic (a representative democracy). The national government is a government of all the people and their representatives (elected officials). It is called the federal government because the nation is a federation of states.

The US Constitution gave the federal government only limited powers, the powers stated in the Constitution. All other powers belong to the individual states.

The Founding Fathers establish three branches of government: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Each branch has different functions and powers under the principle of separation of powers. There is also a system of checks and balances so that each branch has some control over the other two branches. This way, no one group can have too much power.

The legislative branch is called Congress. It consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It is the responsibility of Congress to propose and pass laws. In the system of checks and balances, Congress can refuse to approve Presidential appointments and can override a Presidential veto.

The executive branch consists of the President, the Vice President, the Cabinet and the thirteen departments, and the independent agencies. It’s the responsibility of the executive to enforce laws. The President has the power to veto (reject) any bill (law) of Congress. He appoints all Supreme Court Justices.

The judicial branch consists of the Supreme (highest) Court, eleven Circuit Courts of Appeals, and ninety-four District Courts. This branch explains and interprets laws and makes decisions in lawsuits. It has power over the other two branches because it can declare their laws and actions unconstitutional (against the principles of the Constitution).

 

 

II. Употребите прилагательные и наречия в нужной степени сравнения . Переведите предложения на русский язык .

1. She is much (good) at maths than her brother.

2.Professor Green is the (interesting) lecturer I have ever heard.

3. There can’t be a (busy) city in the world than Tokyo.

4. This is a (difficult) problem than we have solved before.

5. Your report must be as (short) as possible.

 

III . Употребите it или there . Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Last winter … was very cold.

2. Where can we park the car? - …is a car park somewhere here.

3. … was nice to spend a month by the sea.

4. … is the duty of the witness to give all information at his disposal concerning the case and the accused.

5. … is nine in the evening. … is getting dark.

 

IV . Выберите нужную форму местоимений. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I see you haven’t (any/no) money. Would you like me to lend you (any/some)?

2. I’m sorry I haven’t rung you. I’ve lost (your/yours) number.

3. He usually doesn’t say (much/a lot of).

4. Would you like (other/another) piece of cake?

5. You’ve made (too many/so much) mistakes in your dictation.

 

V . Употребите глаголы в нужной видовременной форме. Определите видовременную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. She (to work) at the Procurator’s Office last year.

2. He (to have) a bath when the telephone (to ring).

3. I know it’s a boring journey, but the time (to pass) quite quickly if you (to read) something.

4. This time next year all of us (to work) in different jobs.

5. Your progress in English is not bad. You (to make) fewer mistakes in your dictation this time.

 

VI . Поставьте вместо пропусков соответствующую форму глаголов « to be » или « to have ».

1. I … no articles on criminal law.

2. Her sister … not a judge, she … an investigator.

3. The Procurator’s Office … a state organ that ensures the correct application and observance of the State’s laws.

4. Elections … equal. It means that each citizen … one vote.

5. We do not … special courts for trying juveniles.

 

VII . Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

1. The investigator should be able to use all the evidence to prove this case.

2. You will have to make a speech at the meeting.

3. Did you have to sign anything?

4. No man and no women can be at once a barrister and a solicitor.

5. The expert supposes that both crimes might have been committed by the same person.

 

VIII . Выберите вспомогательный глагол. Переведите предложения русский язык.

1. (Were/did/have) you finished to write your article yet?

2. What magazine (did/were/are) you looking through when we came into the hall?

3. When (did/have/were) they come back?

4. (Is/does/will) it still raining? – Yes? It is.

5. (Has/is/does) your sister want to buy an English – Russian dictionary?

 

IX . Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на способы перевода Passive Voice на русский язык.

1. Penalties are imposed on guilty persons according to the law.

2. The unlawful decision was appealed against by the procurator last week.

3. The arrested person was kept in prison.

4. The case of murder is being investigated now.

5. He became a good investigator after many serious crimes had been examined by him.