THE CIRCUS COMES TO TOWN 8 страница

II. Translate the following sentences paying attention to articles:

1. Жизнь невозможна без воздуха. Он прожил долгую жизнь. 2. У него глубокие знания по этому предмету. Знания можно приобрести упорным трудом (работой). 3. передайте мне соль, пожалуйста. Врач велел ему есть все без соли. 4. Не сидите y окна, вы простудитесь. В купе было большое окно. Он указал на маленькое окно на пятом этаже. 5. Никто не любит плохую погоду. Погода была прекрасная. 6. Вода необходима для жизни. Я не могу плавать в такой холодной воде. Сегодня вода холодная или теплая? 7. Один из студентов сделал доклад о последних событиях в Африке. 8. Я никогда не видел такой странной подписи. 9. „Вам придется прийти на экзамен еще раз, молодой человек“, — сказал профессор. 10. приятель моего брата был совсем молодым человеком. 11. Попросите молодого человека подвинуться.

III. Fill in the blanks with articles wherever required:

WHICH WAS THE FASTEST?

This is ... story about ... Frenchman, ... Englishman and ... American who were once travelling by ... train in ... Europe. ... conversation was about how fast ... trains were in their countries. ... Frenchman said, “In my country ... trains go so fast that ... telegraph posts by ... railway line look like ... garden fence (забор).” ... Englishman said, “At home ... trains run so fast that we have to pour [pɔ:] (лить) ... water on ... wheels (колеса) to stop them from getting hot.” ... American said, “That’s nothing! I was once taking ... trip and my daughter came to ... platform to see me off. While I was getting into ... compartment ... train started. I leaned out of ... window to give her ... kiss and kissed instead ... cow (корова) in ... field ... six miles down ... railway line.”

HE DIDN’T MIND IT

Once ... rich man travelling together with ... servant stopped at ... small country hotel.

After ... servant had made him comfortable in ... room, ... rich man went down to have something to eat.

“Will you bring me ... hard-boiled (сваренное вкрутую) egg?” he asked ... owner of ... hotel who came up to his table to serve him. “And, please, use ... water to make ... soup for my servant,” he added.

“I am afraid, sir,” ... owner of ... hotel replied smiling, “... man will not enjoy ... meal.”

“Then,” ... rich man agreed, “You may add another egg. I shall willingly eat both.”

TEXT AND VOCABULARY EXERCISES

IV. Transcribe the following words from the active and practise them:

consideration, worth, instead, responsibility, fair-haired, choose, tired, area, responsible, journey.

V. Read the following words paying attention to the pronunciation of the letters or combinations of letters in black type:

din, lime, rite, trimmed, pie, tied, wright, sigh, tightly, sir, mirth, stir, birch, entire, admire, irresponsible, squirrel, child, wild, mild, kind, grind, hind.

VI.Translate the following word combinations into Russian, state the part of speech of the words in black type and say how they are formed:

a wonderful likeness a reasonable excuse

a grassy hill    considerable knowledge

much responsibility a funnily-dressed person

a gloomy expression careful consideration

VII.Translate the following word combinations into Russian:

a hard-working student a well-dressed man

a grey-haired man         a badly-done translation

a good-looking girl        an entirely-forgotten song

a fair-haired boy           a newly-hired servant

a dark-eyed woman       a well-read person

a well-known writer      a highly-educated person

VIII.Answer the following questions using the active vocabulary of the lesson:

1. What did the two brothers discover when they reached the circus grounds?

2. Why were the two brothers worried? Were they sure they would be hired?

3. Did the two brothers look different or were they very much alike?

4. Were they dark-haired or fair-haired?

5. Why did the brothers have to wear cheap clothes?

6. Where did the boys live?

7. Why didn’t the circus people consider the area to be worth visiting very often?

8. Why did the mother send the boys away instead of giving them money for circus tickets?

9. On what days was Eddie responsible for his brother?

10. Why were the boys eager to carry water or set up seats?

11.Why did the boys have reason to be worried?

12. When did the circus finally arrive?

13. Why did the boys walk down to a quiet corner in gloomy silence?

14. Why did the two brothers stay to watch the activity on the field instead of going home?

15. Why didn’t Eddie want to go home? Did the boys have a lot of fun at home?

16. Why was the younger brother tired of the elephants?

17. Why did the circus grounds suddenly become an exciting eight?

IX. Substitute words and word combinations from the text for the parts in black type:

1.It’s good we’re early, we’ll be sure to get a job, see? 2.The two brothers looked like each other. Both had blue eyes and fair hair. They wore the same clothes: very old trousers and sleeveless cotton shirts. 3. They lived in a small house in the centre of a part of the country where almost all the people were farmers. 4. Circus people thought it wasn’t profitable to visit that place every year. 5. Eddie learned from an older boy that if you carried water or helped put the seats in the right places you were given a free ticket. 6. On days when their mother was away at work, Eddie’s duty was to look after his younger brother. 7. Eddie’s mother had warned him that he alone would be given work and would therefore have to decide whether to go to the circus or do his duty. 8. The boys were very sad and upset and walked silently down to a quiet corner. 9. Home? What for? This is more amusing than home. 10. I don’t want to see the elephants any more. 11.It was an exciting thing to see.

X. Find English equivalents to the following (See Text):

1. Аллан, которому было семь лет 2. может быть, он не собирается приезжать. 3. нас наверняка возьмут на работу, понимаешь? 4. Эдди хотел было ответить 5. откуда ты знаешь; я знаю, вот и все 6. когда их мать уходила на работу 7. наймут только его 8. через некоторое время 9. здесь веселее, чем дома 10. еще есть время 11. у мальчиков вырвался крик

XI. Give the situations in which the following are used (See Text):

to discover, to get hired, instead, alike, fair-haired, worn-out, an area, to be worth, to set up, reason, to be responsible, to choose, arrival, finally, gloomy, activity, fun, to be tired, a sight.

XII. Vocabulary activization exercises:

TO DISCOVER, A DISCOVERY

1. Answer these questions:

1) Who was America discovered by?

2) Who was the first to discover that the Earth (Земля) is round?

3) What recent (последние) scientific discoveries do you know?

2. Complete the following sentences:

1) When Mr. Simpson was on the way to the post-office, he suddenly discovered ...

2) The next morning Mr. Simpson’s friend discovered ...

3) To Mark Twain’s great surprise the conductor suddenly discovered

4) Having spoken to the porter Mark Twain discovered ...

3. Translate :

1) Я обнаружил записную книжку, которую искал вчера, в книжном шкафу среди книг. 2) Войдя в купе, я обнаружил, что мое место занято. 3) Открытие, сделанное молодым ученым, явилось событием в науке (science).

ТО HIRE

1. Answer these questions:

1) What can be hired?

2) Do you always hire a porter at the railway station?

In what case (в каком случае) do you not do so?

3) What do you do if you want to hire a taxi? How can you recognize a taxi for hire (a vacant taxi) at sight?

2. Translate :

1) Вам бы лучше взять носильщика. 2) Где я могу взять напрокат велосипед? 3) Боюсь, что вам придется нанять опытную сиделку (a nurse). 4) Когда мы подошли ближе, мы обнаружили, что такси уже занято.

INSTEAD OF

1. Answer these questions:

1) Why do people sometimes hire things instead of buying them?

2) Why do some people like to spend their holidays near Moscow (Leningrad, Riga, etc.) instead of going to the South?

3) In what kind of weather do you usually like to stay in instead of going out?

2. Make up sentences according to the models; use the words and word combinations given below:

M o d e l s a) He has taken my book instead of his.

                b) They stayed in instead of going out.

a) this journal — that one

a pair of gloves — a hat (as a present) fruit — sweets

a cup of tea — a cup of coffee

b) to play — to study

to go in for sports — to read at the expense of one’s health

to hire a taxi — to go by the underground

to retell the text in English — to translate it

to go to the Baltic Sea for a holiday — to go to the South

TO BE ALIKE, ТО LOOK LIKE, TO BE LIKE, TO TAKE AFTER

1. Practise these sentences aloud*:

1) My sister’s children are alike. 2) These two stories are very much alike. 3) My elder brother looks like my mother. 4) I wonder whom Nick takes after. 5) What is the weather like to-day?

2. Translate :

1) Сначала мне казалось, что эти две картины одинаковые, но теперь я вижу разницу. 2) Интересно, почему оба пальто кажутся почти одинаковыми, хотя одно из них дорогое, а другое — дешевое. 3) Эти дети очень похожи друг на друга. 4) На кого похож ваш сын? 5) В кого он пошел?

FAIR, UNFAIR

1. Translate :

1) Ваше решение совершенно несправедливо. 2) Почему вы так несправедливы к нему? 3) Это вполне справедливо. 4) Вам кажется, что мы с братом похожи друг на друга, потому что мы оба белокурые?

2. Make up sentences of your own using the words given in brackets:

M o d e l: It was fair (it was unfair) of him to do so.

            (to be cross, to shout, to say that ..., to speak impolitely)

TO WEAR, FOR EVERYDAY (SUMMER, BETTER, ETC.) WEAR, WORN-OUT

1. Practise these sentences aloud:

1) What did she wear to the party? 2) You must wear glasses. 3) She wears her hair very short. 4) I want something for everyday wear. 5) Shoes of this kind wear well. 6) Why does he look so worn-out to-day?

2. Use synonymous expressions:

1) She often puts on a blue dress. 2) The boy had new shoes on. 3) The saleswoman showed me a suit which I could wear every day. 4) After five years’ work at the factory Sam looked old and tired.

3. Answer these questions:

1) How do you like to wear your hair in summer?

2) When do people wear glasses?

3) What kind of clothes do you buy for everyday wear? What do you buy for better wear?

4) What kind of dresses do people usually buy for summer wear?

4. Translate :

1) Он не носил шляпы ни зимой, ни летом. 2) Твои ботинки совсем износились, нужно купить новые. 3) Мне хотелось бы купить еще одно выходное платье. 4) Хлопчатобумажные (cotton) платья очень хороши для каждого дня. 5) Я хочу, чтобы ты купила несколько летних платьев.

AN AREA

1. Answer these questions:

1) What new industrial areas have come to life in our country lately?

2) Which of the Soviet republics has recently become an important agricultural area?

2. Make up sentences of your own:

an industrial area, a farming area, a textile area.

TO CONSIDER, TO BE CONSIDERED, CONSIDERATION, TO BE UNDER CONSIDERATION, TO TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION, CONSIDERABLE

1. Translate and practise these sentences aloud:

1) You must consider the matter more carefully. 2) This matter must be considered at once. 3) I consider this decision quite fair. 4) She is considered (to be) the most talented actress in the company. 5) There is a considerable improvement in the work.

2. Use synonyms:

1) We shall carefully discuss all the questions raised at the last meeting. 2) Everybody thinks that such operations are dangerous. 3) After a lot of thinking he decided to accept the invitation. 4) The matter is still being discussed. 5) They had to cover rather a long distance on foot.

3. Translate :

1) Интересно, достаточно ли тщательно рассмотрен этот вопрос. 2) Его считают умным человеком. 3) Русская грамматика считается очень трудной. 4) Этот вопрос все еще рассматривается. 5) После долгого рассмотрения вопрос был решен в нашу пользу. 6) Принимая во внимание ваше желание (wish), мы посылаем вас в новый сельскохозяйственный район.

ТО BE WORTH

1. Translate:

1) Jim paid 7s for this picture, but I think it s worth more. 2) The game isn’t worth the candle (свеча). 3) The matter isn’t worth troubling about. 4) The book is well worth reading.

2. Make up sentences of your own using the words from the table:

M o d e l s: 1) The film is (isn’t) worth seeing.

              2) The evening party was quite worth the trouble and expense.

the film	to be not to be	worth	to see
the article			to go on
the ballet			to discuss
the voyage			to read
the novel			the time

3. Translate:

1) Стоит ли обсуждать этот вопрос сейчас? 2) Эта работа не стоит затраченного на нее времени. 3) Этот вопрос стоит тщательно рассмотреть. 4)Об этом событии вряд ли стоит столько говорить. 5) Я считаю, что эту лекцию стоит послушать. 6) Стоит ли ждать открытия выставки?

ТО SET, ТО SET THE TABLE, ТО SET AN EXAMPLE, TO SET SOMEBODY FREE, TO SET UP A MONUMENT (A SCHOOL, ETC.)

1. Use synonymous expressions:

1) The sun was slowly disappearing behind the mountain. 2) A new committee has just been organized. 3) When we entered the room, Ann was putting plates, knives and forks on the table. 4) The young man helped his friends in their trouble, and in this way showed to everybody what was the right thing to do. 5) A new monument has recently been placed in the centre of the city. 6) The Gadfly’s friends did their best to get him out of prison (тюрьма).

2. Translate :

1) Когда создан этот музей? 2) Вместо старых маленьких домов в этом районе будет сооружена больница. 3) Почему стол накрыт только на троих? 4) Какие новые памятники недавно поставлены в Москве? 5) Я уверен, что твой брат начнет учиться лучше, если ты покажешь ему пример.

A REASON, REASONABLE, UNREASONABLE

1. Practise these sentences aloud:

1) There is no reason to be afraid. 2) What are your reasons for thinking so? 3) He has every reason to be cross with you. 4) What’s the reason for the change? 5) I see no reason for calling a doctor. 6) Be reasonable and don’t go out in such weather when you have the ’flu.

2. Translate :

1) Я не вижу никаких оснований для беспокойства. 2) Разве у меня не было достаточных основании не последовать его советам? 3) У вас нет оснований расстраиваться. 4) Мы считаем эту цену неприемлемой. 5) Они внесли разумные изменения в первоначальный план. 6) С вашей стороны неразумно не соглашаться снами.

3. Make up sentences using the words given in brackets:

M o d e l: I think it was quite reasonable (unreasonable) of him to take that decision.

(to book a return ticket, to agree, to be cross, to work at the expense of one’s health, to follow somebody’s advice, to take into consideration, to pay attention to, to accept the invitation)

RESPONSIBLE

1. Translate:

1) The deputies to the Supreme [sjuʹpri:m] Soviet are responsible to the people for their work. 2) The driver of a car is responsible for his passengers’ safety. 3) The young officer had no time to wait for orders and took a decision on his own responsibility. 4) We understood that the task set us was highly responsible, and were ready to carry it out.

2. Make up sentences using the words given in brackets:

M o d e l: The young engineer was responsible for the mistake.

        (the passengers’ safety, the patient’s health, the work, the translation)

3. Translate :

1) Кто из вас отвечает за эту работу? 2) Почему вы говорите, чтоникто из них не несет ответственности за эту ошибку? 3) Молодой врач чувствовал себя ответственным за жизнь пациента.

A JOURNEY, ТО GO ON A JOURNEY, ТО MAKE A JOURNEY, A VOYAGE, A TRIP

1.Answer these questions:

1) Have you travelled much? How long did your last journey last?

2) What is the difference between a journey and a voyage (a journey and a trip)?

3) What do you say to a person who is going on a journey?

4) What do you say to a person who has just returned from a journey?

2. Translate :

а) двухдневное путешествие из Москвы в Свердловск, двухнедельное путешествие по Черному морю, однодневная поездка в Тулу.

б) Счастливого пути. 2) Как вы доехали? 3) Путешествие из Москвыв Кисловодск скорым поездом занимает около двух дней.

ТО CHOOSE

1. Answer these questions:

1) What can be chosen?

2) Does it usually take you a long time or a short time to choose a present?

3) Why do people sometimes ask their friends for advice when they have to choose something?

4) Do you consider that it is necessary for parents to help their children choose books to read? (Give reasons for your opinion.)

2. Use all possible tense-forms, at the same time changing the adverbial modifier:

I chose a present for my mother yesterday.

TO BEAT

1.Translate:

1) Stop beating that dog! 2) The flowers were beaten down by the rain. 3) The German army was beaten at Kursk. 4) Their team beat ours 4:3 (four to three).

2.Translate :

1)Его сердце сильно забилось. 2) Команда Локомотив победила Спартак сосчетом 2:1. 3)Спартакбыл побежден со счетом 2: 1.

3. Use all possible tense-forms at the same time changing the adverbial modifier:

Torpedo beat Dynamoin the last match.

FINAL. FINALLY

1. Make up sentences using the English equivalents of the following:

последняя глава; последнее слово; окончательное решение; окончательный ответ; окончательная цена; окончательный результат (result).

Add a beginning:

...... and finally she chose the red hat.

...... and finally he agreed to join us.

...... and finally they decided to post the letter unstamped.

......and finally they won the championship.

GLOOMY

1.Answer these questions:

1) What word combinations with the word gloomy do you know?

2) What kind of room can be called gloomy?

3) What do you do when you see a friend of yours looking gloomy?

2. Translate :

1) Какая мрачная комната (картина, погода)! 2) Интересно, почему у него такой хмурый вид? Он ведь очень веселый по натуре. 3) Мрачным осенним днем они отправились в путь.

ACTIVITIES

1.Translate :

1) Вернувшись на родину, Джон Рид был привлечен к суду за антивоенную деятельность. 2) Недавно опубликована книга о научной и общественной (social) деятельности Тимирязева. 3) Деятельность Поля Робсона, как борца за мир, известна всему миру.

FUN, IN FUN, ТО MAKE FUN OF, TO HAVE FUN

1.Answer these questions:

1) Do you usually smile yourself if you say something in fun?

2) Can we consider a person good-natured if he (or she) likes to make fun of other people? Why can’t we?

2. Use synonymous expressions:

1. We amused ourselves very much yesterday. 2. He wasn’t serious when he said that. It was to amuse the people around him. 3. I don’t like him because he often jokes at other people’s expense.

3. Translate :

1) Он это сделал в шутку? 2) Вы там хорошо повеселитесь. 3) Никто не любит, когда над ним смеются. 4) Почему он любит высмеивать других?

ТО BE (GET) TIRED

1. Make up sentences of your own using the words given in brackets:

M о d e 1 s: 1) I am tired of this song.

                2) He soon got tired of listening to the same song.

(the journey, to remind, that music, to listen, to look after, to travel, to take care of somebody, to repeat)

2. Translate :

1) Если вам надоело слушать музыку, выключите радио. 2) Мне надоело вам об этом напоминать. 3) Неужели вам не надоел этот танец?

SIGHT (EYESIGHT), ТО LOSE SIGHT (OF), AT FIRST SIGHT, AT THE SIGHT (OF), TO BE SHORT(FAR)-SIGHTED

1. Answer these questions:

1) Is your eyesight good or is it poor?

2) What do people have to do if they are short-sighted?

3) At what age do most people become far-sighted?

2. Translate :

1) Неужели у вас плохое зрение? Почему вы носите очки? Вы близоруки или дальнозорки? 2) Новичок нам не понравился с первого взгляда. 3) При виде этого человека он снова рассердился. 4) Мы скоро потеряли его из виду.

XIII. Give adjectives which correspond in meaning to the following attributive clauses. Translate the adjectives into Russian:

M o d e l: which can’t be spoken of = unspeakable невыразимый

              which can be (easily) read = readable четкий , разборчивый

which can’t be believed which can’t be advised

which can be allowed which can’t be forgotten

which can be understood   which can be changed

which can’t be thought of  which can’t be beaten

XIV. Give the four forms of the following verbs:

to wear, to set, to choose, to beat, to make, to raise, to rise, to lose, to worry, to put on, to take off, to cost, to get excited, to forget, to leave, to shake.

XV. Substitute the active vocabulary of the lesson for the parts in black type:

1. This question has been discussed for two months. 2. You will easily recognize the girl. She is tall, with fair hair and she will have a blue dress on. 3. The reason why she looks so terribly tired is that she had to take four examinations last week, after being ill for several days. 4. Here is a nice pair of shoes. Why don’t you buy them and wear them every day? 5. Mary put forks, spoons, knives and plates on the table and invited her friends to have dinner with her. 6. This boy likes to laugh at other people’s expense in an unpleasant manner. 7. Whose duty is it to see that the work is done carefully? 8.Ithink this matter needs to be discussed in greater detail. 9. With increasing age some people begin to see well at a greater distance. 10. Iwas given an excellent description of the man, so Irecognized him the moment I set my eyes on him.

XVI. Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbial particles where necessary:

1. Instead ... buying something ... everyday wear, as she had first intended, Mary bought a ... sleeveless dress ... better wear. 2. I don’t advise you to buy this pair ... shoes. I am afraid they’ll soon wear ... . 3. I wonder why the waiter has set the table ... two persons instead ... three. 4. Speaking at the production meeting, the director ... the factory pointed ... that each ... the workers and engineers was responsible ... carrying ... the plan. 5. She said that the new film was worth seeing, but there was such an expression ... her face that I thought she was saying it only ... fun. 6. I am afraid Peter takes ... his elder brother, who is also fond ... making fun ... people. 7. Won’t you join ... us? Do come! You are sure to have a lot ... fun ... the party. 8. Do you mind my turning ... the radio? I am tired ... that loud music. 9. The patient was ... such a poor condition that ... examining him, the doctor only shook his head. 10. The young girl looked so good-natured that everybody liked her ... first sight. 11. As the station was three miles away ... the place where Nick lived, he asked his friends not to see him ..., so ... saying good-bye ... everybody, he picked ... his suit-cases and started ... . 12. The young men stood ... front ... the house and watched their friend go ... the street until they lost sight ... him. 13. The scientific activities ... Ivan Pavlov are known ... the entire world. 14. ... his book “Here I Stand” Paul Robeson raised his voice ... race discrimination ... the United States.